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PADDOCK  &  SEAMAN, 


Yftft  WARE 

IE  OIST, 

STEEL,  &c.,  &c, 


BUREAU   CO,, 

STEPHEN    G.   PADDOCK. 


N, 

ILLINOIS. 

WRIGHT    SEAMAN. 


I 


P.  N.  NEWELL  &  CO. 


MERCHANTS, 

No.  1  Market  Square,  Princeton  Depot, 

PRINCETON,    ILLINOIS, 


DEALERS   IJV 


READY-MADE  CLOTHING, 

BOOTS  &  SHOES,  HATS  &  GAPS, 

Hardware,  Crockery  and  Glassware, 

Paints,  Oils,  Window  Glass,  Doors,  Window  Sash, 
Fanning  Mills,  Plows,  Wagons,  Farming       * 
Tools,  Wheeling  Nails,  Grain 

Bags,  &c.  &c.  &c.  4 


ffe  lave  in  Store,  at  Wholesale  and  Eeiail, 


Satoeratus,  Salt,  fime,  pfls,  «rintr  St0ncst 


1ST  3D 


Also,  a  good  assortment  of  LIGHT  GROCERIES  for  sale  at 
the  lowest  market  price  for  cash  or  produce. 

OGF""  Produce  received  in  store  and  shipped  on  commis- 
sion, if  desired. 


P.  N.  NEWELL. 


E.  M.  FISHEH. 


i  ^ 

U 


i 


E,  B,  FOSTER, 


MAIN   STREET, 

PRINCETON, ILLINOIS, 


HAS  CONSTANTLY  ON  HAND  A  LARGE  ASSORTMENT  OP 

MISCELLANEOUS,  JUVENILE 

-A.  3ST  3D 


Stationery  of  all  Kinds, 

PRINTING  &  VISITING  CARDS, 

PENS,  PENCILS,  ENVELOPES,  &c. 


Memorandum,  Pass  and  Pocket  Books, 

,|a0Is  Cap,  cSttenppjj,  lisswc  anft  ^tttcr  piper, 

ALBUMS,  ANNUALS,  KEEPSAKES,  &c.,  &»-. 

N.  B. — I  am  constantly  ordering  from  Chicago,  and 
any  Book  not  on  hand  will  be  promptly  obtained  to 
accommodate  customers. 


I  B  R.AFLY 

OF  THE 

UNIVERSITY 
OF    ILLINOIS 

917.7337 


ILL.    HIST. SURVEY 


SKETCHES 


(Karlg  $ettlitmettt  m&  f  raimt 


PRINCETON, 


—  INCLUDING  — 


VALUABLE  STATISTICS,  ETC. 


ALSO, 


A  BRIEF  SKETCH  OF  BUREAU  COUNTY, 


PRINCETON,  ILL. 

PUBLISHED   BY   ISAAC   B.    SMITH, 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1857,  by 
ISAAC   B.    SMITH, 

In  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  the  United  States,  for  the 
Northern  District  of  Illinois. 


C.  SCOTT,   PRINTER  AND   BINDER, 
CHICAGO,    ILL. 


TO    THE    READER. 


IN  presenting  these  Sketches  to  the  public,  we  expect  them 
to  be  considered  as  a  work  of  facts  and  not  of  imagination  :  had 
they  been  of  the  latter,  a  very  different  one  probably  would  have 
been  issued ;  but  we  doubt  whether  it  would  have  been  more 
interesting  or  have  contained  more  thrilling  and  pleasing  items. 
It  may  appear,  however,  at  first,  to  many  of  the  old  settlers  that 
in  some  of  the  statements  we  have  erred ;  but  we  think  that  if 
they  will  take  the  trouble  to  compare  notes  and  search  out  the 
facts,  they  will  find  that  we  are  generally,  if  not  in  every  instance, 
correct. 

In  the  Sketch  of  the  County  we  have  been  very  brief.  At  some 
future  time  we  may,  perhaps,  give  a  more  complete  history  of  it, 
for  we  feel  assured  that  it  is  worthy  of  being  placed  before  the 
eyes  of  the  public  in  the  form  of  history,  bringing  to  view  its 
superiority  of  advantages  as  compared  with  other  counties  in  the 
State. 

In  compiling  the  facts,  we  have  endeavored  to  do  it  in  as  inter- 
esting a  form  as  brevity  would  allow ;  for  in  a  work  of  this  kind 
we  could  not  be  expected  to  give  a  full  history  of  either  County 
or  Town,  but  merely  to  give  a  glance  at  the  former  and  a  more 
precise  view  of  the  latter.  And  here  it  may  be  well  to  say  that, 
for  the  satisfaction  of  all,  we  have  been  at  an  expense  of  over 
one  hundred  dollars  to  obtain  engravings ;  so  that  whatever  may 
be  wanting  to  satisfy  the  mind  of  the  reader,  he  will  find  made 
up  in  the  fine  illustrations.  Bu,t  should  both  'sketches  and 
engravings  prove  satisfactory  and  useful,  it  will  afford  much 
pleasure  to 

THE  AUTHOR. 

PRINCETON,  ILL.,  MARCH,  1867. 


— =§S3 


fast  and 


THE  first  settlement  in  what  is  now  called  the  Township 
of  Princeton  was  made  in  the  spring  of  1829,  by  Mr. 
Elijah  Epperson,  from  Ohio. 

Several  families  were  at  this  time  residing  in  the  vicin- 
ity, being  scattered  along  the  Ihie  of  timber  bordering  on 
the  Bureau  creek ;  but  few  persons,  however,  were  then 
residents  of  the  county. 

Few  individuals  have  even  a  faint  conception  of  the 
picturesque  appearance  of  the  country,  or  the  hardships 
endured  by  the  early  settlers  of  our  town.  The  country 
then  being  in  a  state  of  nature,  presented  beauty  in  its 
wide  spread  plains,  stretching  as  far  as  the  eye  could  reach, 
covered  with  flowers  of  nearly  every  shade  and  color,  and 
tall  grass.  Indeed  they  were  beautiful  when  in  their  full 
bloom,  and  would  excite  admiration  in  every  lover  of  wild 
scenery. 

Here,  too,  was  the  hunting  ground  of  roving  tribes  of 
Indians.  What  a  beautiful  garden  they  were  forced  to 
leave  !  Game  they  could  here  find  in  abundance,  and  their 
corn  was  easily  raised.  But  the  White  Man  came.  And 
we  can  not  think  it  strange  that  they  fought  to  retain  so 
goodly  a  heritage.  But  the  white  man,  with  his  civiliza- 
tion, intelligence  and  courage,  could  not  flee,  at  the  sight 
of  Indian  warriors,  from  these  fertile  prairies,  that  seemed 


—  -=4® 


PRINCETON. 


to  smile  when  he  looked  upon  them  with  a  view  of  convert- 
ing them  into  farms,  and  building  villages,  and  erecting 
comfortable  dwellings,  churches,  school  houses,  &c. 

For  several  years  the  first  inhabitants  had  scarcely  any 
other  than  Indian  neighbors ;  and  many  a  friendly  visit 
was  exchanged  between  the  "  Cha-mo-co-man  "  and  "  Red 
Man's  squaws,"- — many  a  pleasant  hour  they  passed 
together  within  the  cabin  and  the  wigwam.  Until  hostili- 
ties broke  out, 

"  Hand  in  hand  they  went  together 
Through  the  woodland  and  the  meadow." 

Though  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  has  passed 
away,  the  deep-trodden  trails  of  the  Indian  pony  are  still 
visible,  and  occasionally  a  grave  is  discovered,  containing 
the  bories,  beads  and  various  trinkets  of  one  or  more  of 
this  unfortunate  race,  which  is  fast  becoming  extinct. 

As  to  hardships  endured,  we  can  only  mention  a  few, 
scattered  through  our  simple  narrative,  and  leave  our  read- 
ers to  judge  for  themselves,  or  learn  further  particulars  from 
those  who  still  reside  among  us  and  can  testify  to  the  truth- 
fulness of  what  we  state,  and  much  more  that  might  be 
said.  The  nearest  mercantile  trading  point,  where  the 
common  necessaries  of  life  were  obtained,  was  at  Hennepin, 
some  twelve  miles  distant.  The  nearest  blacksmith's  shop 
was  at  LaSalle,  a  distance  of  about  twenty  miles ;  and  the 
nearest  flouring  mill  was  at  Peoria,  about  fifty-five  miles 
distant.  The  roads  at  that  time  were  scarcely  any  thing 
more  than  Indian  trails,  and  at  times  were  almost  impass- 
able, thus  rendering  the  journeys  long  and  tedious. 

During  the  years  1829,  1831,  1832  and  1833,  the 
attention  of  others  was  attracted  to  the  natural  and  prospec- 
tive advantages  of  this  point.  Many  came  hither  to  survey 
the  country  and  make  claims,  and  some  few  with  a  view  of 
becoming  permanent  settlers.  We  will  here  give  as  cor- 


EARLY    SETTLEMENT. 


rect  a  list  as  could  be  obtained  of  those  who  settled  here 
during  the  first  five  years. 

Elijah  Epperson  and  family,  John  and  Curtiss  Williams 
and  their  families,  Hampshire  Colony,  Roland  Mosely 
and  family,  Daniel  Smith  and  family,  John  Musgrove  and 
family,  John  M.  Gay  and  family,  Robt.  Clark  and  family, 
Joel  Doolittle  and  family,  Cyrus  and  John  H.  Bryant, 
Lucius  Cutler,  Alonzo  Cook,  Nathaniel  Chamberlain,  Jr., 
apd  family,  Mrs.  Flint  and  her  two  daughters,  William  0. 
Chamberlain,  Ebenezer  Chamberlain  and  Lucy  Chamber- 
lain, (now  Mrs.  Andrew  Smith,)  John  L.  Ament,  Rev. 
Lucien  Farnham,  Arthur  Bryant,  Lazarus  Reeves,  James 
Hays  and  family,  Abraham  Jones  and  Silas  D.  Cartwright. 

In  the  summer  of  1831,  a  part  of  the  colony  composing 
the  Hampshire  Colony  Congregational  Church  arrived  and 
settled  on  Bureau  creek,  some  two  miles  north  of  the  origi- 
nal corporation  of  PRINCETON.  The  persons  who  arrived 
with  the  colony  at  that  time  and  became  settlers,  were 
Nathaniel  Chamberlain,  M.  D.-,  and  his  son  Oscar,  Eli 
Smith  and  wife,  Elijah  Smith  and  wife,  Christopher  G. 
Corss,  and  E.  Hinsdale  Phelps.* 

The  former  made  a  claim  and  built  a  cabin  some  one 
and  a  quarter  miles  south  of  the  present  corporation,  where 
the  residence  of  Mr.  B.  Gill  now  stands.  Messrs.  Eli  and 
Elijah  Smith  erected  a  large  cabin  near  the  present  resi- 
dence of  Mr.  Anthony  Epperson,  which  was  afterward  used 
by  .Elijah  Smith  as  a  hotel  or  stage  house.  These  two 
dwellings  were  also  used  on  each  Sabbath,  alternate,  for 
holding  church  services,  though  five  miles  distant  from  each 
other,  until  houses  were  built  where  the  town  now  is,  which 


*  Several  of  these  persons  were  not  members  of  the  church  at 
that  time,  but  of  the  colony.  Others  belonging  to  the  colony  did 
not  settle  with  it. 


8  PRINCETON. 


rendered  it  much  more  convenient  for  all  to  meet  half  way 
between.  The  settlement  was  named  Greenfield,  and  Eli- 
jah Smith  was  appointed  '(first)  post  master. 

The  first  survey  for  a  town  was  commenced  by  Mr.  John 
Blake  in  December,  1831,  and  in  1832  partially  completed 
by  Dr.  Hayes  of  Hennepin,  assisted  by  Mr.  John  Musgrove, 
Mr.  Roland  Mosely,  and  his  two  sons  RoJand  and  Fred- 
erick, and  Dr.  Wm.  0.  Chamberlain.  (The  following  per- 
sons were  appointed  trustees  of  school  lands  in  the  county  : 
John  P.  Blake,  John  Musgrove  and  Roland  Moseley.) 
After  much  discussion  it  was  agreed  to  name  the  place 
PRINCETON.  It  is  located  on  (School)  Section  16  N.,  R. 
9  E.  of  the  fourth  principal  meridian.  The  owners  of  lots 
at  that  time  were,  mainly,  Messrs.  Dj.  Nathaniel  Cham- 
berlain, Cyrus  and  John  H;  Bryant,  Rev.  L.  Farnham, 
John  M.  Gay  and  Mrs.  Flint. 

The  first  building  erected  within  the  limits  of  the  origi- 
nal corporation,  was  a  log  cabin  built  by  Mr.  Silas  D. 
Cartwright,  in  the  fall  of  1833,  and  occupied  by  him  as  a 
blacksmith's  shop.  It  stood  on  the  now  vacant  lot  north 
of  the  Congregational  church.  The  second,  and  first 
framed,  building  was  erected  by  John  M.  Gay,  the  dimen- 
sions being  twelve  feet  square,  and  occupied  the  ground 
upon  which  the  residence  and  store  of  R.  T.  Templeton, 
Esq.  ,  now  stands.  The  third  was  a  log  cabin  built  by  Mr. 
Frederick  Haskill,  and  used  by  him  as  a  store  —  the  first 
in  the  place  —  and  was  located  on  the  ground  now  occupied 
by  the  residence  of  Mr.  Elijah  Dee.  This  store  was  opened 
for  the  sale  of  goods  June  7th,  1834,  and  the  first  article 
sold  was  a  horse  collar,  to  Mr.  Cornelius  Corss.  The  first 
hotel  was  built  by  Mr.  Stephen  Triplet,  which  still  stands 
on  Main  street,  immediately  south  of  Dr.  Chamberlain's 
office  ;  though  it  has  not  been  used  for  this  purpose  for 
several  years.  The  first  church  was  a  two-story  framed 


INDIAN  WAR.  9 


building,  erected  in  1835  by  the  Hampshire  Colony  Con- 
gregational Church,  on  the  public  square,  immediately 
south  of  where  the  court  house  now  is ;  it  is  now  the  prop- 
erty of  Mr.  Justus  Stevens,  and  stands  on  the  south-east 
corner  of  the  public  square. 

Thus  the  reader  perceives  that  with  small  beginnings 
the  settlement  was  commenced,  and  one  improvement  after 
another  made  as  fast  as  means  and  circumstances  would 
permit. 

Allowing  us"  now  to  digress  somewhat  from  the  precise 
history  of  the  town,  we  will  give  a  brief  sketch  of  the  In- 
dian war,  as  our  story  will  not  be  complete  without  noticing 
some  incidents  of  the  war  in  connection  with  the  settlers 
at  that  time. 

During  the  years  1831-2,  the  country  was  being  alarmed 
by  the  war-cry.  There  had  been  difficulties  on  the  frontier 
for  some  length  of  time,  and  many  a  peaceful  home  was 
disturbed  by  the  hostile  appearance  of  the  Indians.  Few 
retired  upon  their  couches  for  a  night's  repose,  without 
having  some  weapon  of  defense  within  reach.  Small  com- 
panies of  Indians  were  frequently  seen,  dressed  in  red,  (a 
sign  of  war,)  moving  about  among  the  white  settlers,  sup- 
posed to  be  acting  as  spies.  On  one  occasion,  two  or  three 
of  these  warlike  spies  called  at  the  house  of  one  of  the 
settlers.  The  inmates,  nearly  all  of  whom  still  reside 
here,  seeing  them  approach  the  house,  and  thinking  their 
"time  had  surely  come,"  went  out  to  meet  them,  and 
soon  engaged  in  conversation !  The  Indians  denied  any 
knowledge  of  war,  but  their  general  appearance  belied 
them, — "  actions  often  speak  louder  than  words."  They 
soon  left,  however,  without  committing  any  depredations, 
either  upon  the*  inhabitants  or  their  property. 

length  actual  hostilities  broke  out  between  the  whites 


PRINCETON. 


and  the  Sacs,  Foxes  and  Winnebagoes,  headed  by  the 
famous  war  chief,  Black  Hawk.  Gov.  Reynolds,  then  gov- 
ernor of  Illinois,  gave  notice  to  the  frontier  settlers,  that 
they  must  look  out  for  themselves,  as  all  the  volunteers 
were  needed  in  the  army.  On  the  reception  of  this  news, 
they  gathered  up  such  articles  as  could  be  conveniently 
carried,  and  sought  protection  in  the  Fort  at  Hennepin; 
some  few  going  to  Springfield.  Their  stock  was  left  to 
run  wild  on  the  prairies,  and  at  the  disposal  of  the  merci- 
less savage  ;  though  as  soon  as  deemed  safe,  a  number  of 
the  settlers  returned  and  drove  their  cattle  across  the  Illinois 
river.  And  here  we  will  relate  an  incident  connected 
with  the  only  murder  that  was  committed  by  the  Indians 
in  this  county,  during  the  war. 

Some  six  or  seven  persons,  among  whom  were  Messrs. 
Phillips,  Hodge,  Sylvester  Brigham,  John  L.  Ament, 
Aaron  Gunn,  J.  G.  Forestall,  and  a  youth  by  the  name 
of  Dimick,  left  Hennepin  and  came  over  to  the  settlement 
after  their  cattle,  which  were  kept  at  the  cabins  of  Messrs. 
Ament  and  Phillips,  then  situated  near  the  present  resi- 
dence of  Mr.  J.  G.  Forestall,  (north  of  the  village  of 
Dover.)  Indians  were  then  lurking  about  in  ambush,  ready 
to  pick  off  the  settlers  as  they  might  have  opportunity,  and, 
of  course,  our  friends  were  obliged  to  be  on  the  watch,  for 
that  they  were  running  the  risk  of  their  lives,  the  sequel 
of  our  story  will  show. 

Arriving  at  the  cabin  of  Mr.  Ament,  he  (Ament)  sta- 
tioned his  companions  at  the  door  and  windows  as  sentinels, 
while  he  prepared  their  dinner,  which,  as  soon  as  ready, 
was  partaken  of  by  part  at  a  time,  the  others  keeping  a 
sharp  look-out  for  the  enemy.  After  dinner  a  consultation 
was  held  as  to  the  expediency  of  remaining  in  their  present 
situation  until  morning,  or  returning  immediately;  the  rain 
then  pouring  down  in  torrents,  and  Indians,  in  all  proba- 


INDIAN  WAR.  11 


bility  around  them.  Failing  to  agree  in  the  matter,  Phil- 
lips, who  was  somewhat  of  an  eccentric  character,  picked 
up  a  board,  saying  :  "  Well,  boys,  this  board  must  decide 
our  course,"  at  the  same  time  placing  it  in  an  upright 
position  ;  "  if  it  falls  toward  the  north,  we  are  safe,  and 
will  remain;  if  to  the  south,  we  must  be  off."  The  board 
fell  toward  the  south,  and  thus,  by  common  consent,  shaped 
their  plans ;  and  as  soon  as  their  cattle  could  be  collected, 
they  started  for  Hennepin.  Their  cattle,  however,  proved 
unmanageable,  (being  afraid  to  go  near  the  timber  for 
fear  of  Indians,)  and  after  chasing  them  for  miles,  they 
were  obliged  to  give  up  the  attempt,  and  leaving  them 
near  Mr.  Musgrove's  cabin,  they  returned  to  Hennepin  as 
they  came. 

Some  two  weeks  later,  the  same  individuals  arrived  at 
Mr.  Ament's  cabin,  for  the  purpose  of  making  a  second 
attempt  to  secure  their  stock.  Mr.  Phillips  retired  to  his 
own  cabin  and  commenced  writing  a  letter,  but  while  thus 
engaged,  thought  he  heard  the  alarm  of  Indians,  and  going 
to  the  door,  met  Mr.  Ament  on  his  way  to  his  cabin  which 
he  had  left  a  few  moments  before.  The  two  returned 
together,  and  all  concluded  to  spend  the  night  there,  having 
seen  no  sign  of  Indians.  During  the  night  a  terrific 
thundet  storm  arose,  the  rain  pouring  down  in  torrents. 
One  of  the  number  remarked  that  they  "  guessed  there 
was  no  danger  of  Indians  that  night;"  but  they  little 
dreamed  that  the  cabin  was  surrounded  by  some  thirty  or 
forty  savages,  who  were  peeping  through  the  cracks  be- 
tween the  logs,  and  endeavoring,  by  every  continued  flash 
of  lightning,  to  count  the  numbers  within  !  Little  did 
they,  at  that  moment,  think  that  in  the  morning  one  of 
their  number  would  fall  a  victim  of  the  foe,  and  all  barely 
escape !  But  such  was  the  case  !  Morning  came, — a 
morning  ever  to  b§  remembered  by  those  six  survivors. 


=§» 


12  PRINCETON. 


Messrs.  Brigham  and  Phillips  went  out  upon  the  porch  in 
front  of  the  building,  and  not  noticing  the  deep  trail  around 
the  cabin,  or  the  marks  of  the  Indian  moccasins  on  the  floor 
of  the  piazza,  continued  standing  there  for  several  minutes 
engaged  in  conversation.  At  length  Mr.  Phillips  stepped 
off  the  porch,  saying,  "I  will  go  over  to  my  cabin  and 
finish  writing  my  letter,"  to  which  was  replied  by  Mr. 
Brigham,  *'  Wait  a  moment  and  I  will  go  with  you,"  and 
turning  round  he  entered  the  cabin,  but  had  scarcely 
closed  the  door  ere  the  crack  of  a  rifle  was  heard,  fol- 
lowed by  the  shrill  war-whoop,  and  poor  Phillips  lay  a 
corpse,  pierced  by  two  balls !  The  Indians  then  rushed 
toward  the  cabin  and  buried  their  tomahawks  in  the  body 
of  their  unfortunate  victim.  Some  of  the  survivors  had 
the  presence  of  mind  to  grasp  two  or  three  guns  with  bay- 
onets and  point  them  through  the  door  at  the  Indians, 
which  act,  without  doubt,  saved  their  lives.  The  savages 
knowing  that  bayonets  were  used  by  soldiers,  it  is  supposed 
that  on  seeing  these  guns  they  concluded  there  were  sol- 
diers within,  and  consequently  made  a  hasty  retreat, 
leaving  some  of  their  blankets  behind  them,  which  were 
afterward  found  in  a  thicket  near  by. 

It  was  then  thought  best  to  dispatch  one  of  their  number 
to  Hennepin  for  troops.  Young  Dimick,  then  a  youth  of 
sixteen  or  seventeen  years,  being  anxious  to  go,  a  horse 
was  called  to  the  door  upon  which  he  mounted,  and  in  a 
few  hours  reached  the  fort  in  safety  a,nd  gave  the  alarm. 
A  small  company  of  rangers  or  soldiers  immediately  pro- 
ceeded to  the  cabin,  and  found  the  remaining  five  individ- 
uals safely  harbored  within  its  walls,  and  the  body  of 
Phillips  still  lying  where  he  fell.  No  Indians  were  to  be 
found;  they  had  taken  "  French  leave." 

Mr.  Brigham  has  since  often  remarked,  that  it  seemed 
to  him  a  most  striking  providential  circumstance,  that  he 


INDIAN  WAR.  13 


entered  the  cabin  as  he  did,  instead  of  going  immediately 
with  Mr.  Phillips,  he  having  no  errand  whatever  within  ! 
Had  he  not  entered  the  cabin  then,  he  would  in  all  proba- 
bility have  shared  the  same  fate  of  his  companion. 

That  our  readers  may  have  a  more  correct  idea  of  the 
cause  of  the  Indian  troubles,  we  here  give  a  brief  account 
of  Black  Hawk  and  the  war,  the  greater  portion  of  which 
we  copy  from  Ford's  History  of  Illinois. 

It  appears  that  a  treaty  had  been  made  by  Gren.  Harri- 
son at  St.  Louis,  in  November,  1804,  with  the  chiefs  of  the 
Sacs  and  Fox  nations  of  Indians,  by  which  those  Indians 
had  ceded  to  the  United  States  all  their  land  on  Rock 
river,  and  much  more  elsewhere.  This  treaty  was  con- 
firmed by  a  part  of  the  tribe  in  a  treaty  with  Gov. 
Edwards  and  Auguste  Chouteau,  in  September,  1815, 
and  by  another  part  in  a  treaty  with  the  same  commis- 
sioners in  May,  1816.  The  United  States  had  caused 
some  of  the  lands,  situated  at  the  mouth  of  Rock  river,  to 
be  surveyed  and  sold.  These  lands  included  the  great 
town  of  the  nation,  near  the  mouth  of  the  river.  The  pur- 
chasers from  the  government  moved  on  to  their  lands,  built 
houses,  made  fences  and  fields,  and  thus  took  possession 
of  the  ancient  metropolis  of  the  Indian  nation.  This 
metropolis  consisted  of  about  two  or  three  hundred  lodges, 
made  of  small  poles  set  upright  in  the  ground,  upon  which 
other  poles  were  tied  transversely,  with  bark  at  the  top, 
so  as  to  hold  a  covering  of  bark  peeled  from  the  neigh- 
boring trees,  and  secured  with  other  strips  of  bark,  with 
which  they  were  sewed  to  the  transverse  poles.  The  sides 
of  the  lodges  were  secured  in  the  same  manner.  The 
principal  part  of  these  Indians  had  long  since  moved  from 
their  town  to  the  west  of  the  Mississippi. 

But  there  was  one  old  chief  of  the  Sacs,  called  Mucata 
Muhicatah,  or  Black  Hawk,  who  always  denied  the  valid- 


14  PRINCETON. 


ity  of  these  treaties.  Black  Hawk  was  now  an  old  man. 
He  had  been  a  warrior  from  his  youth.  He  had  led 
many  a  war  party  on  the  trail  of  the  enemy,  and  had 
never  been  defeated.  He  had  been  in  the  service  of 
England  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  had  been  aid-de-camp 
to  the  great  Tecumseh.  He  was  distinguished  for  courage, 
and  for  clemency  to  the  vanquished.  He  was  an  Indian 
patriot,  a  kind  husband  and  father,  and  was  noted  for 
his  integrity  in  all  his  dealings  with  his  tribe  and  with  the 
Indian  traders.  He  was  firmly  attached  to  the  British, 
and  cordially  hated  the  Americans.  At  the  close  of  the 
war  of  1812  he  had  never  joined  in  making  peace  with 
the  United  States,  but  he  and  his  band  still  kept  up  their 
connection  with  Canada,  and  were  ever  ready  for  a  war 
with  our  people.  He  was  in  his  personal  deportment 
grave  and  melancholy,  with  a  disposition  to  cherish  and 
brood  over  the  wrongs  he  supposed  he  had  received  from 
the  Americans.  He  was  thirsting  for  revenge  upon  his 
enemies,  and  at  the  same  time  his  piety  constrained  him  to 
devote  a  day  in  the  year  to  visit  the  grave  of  a  favorite 
daughter,  buried  on  the  Mississippi  river,  not  far  from 
Oquawka.  Here  he  came  on  his  yearly  visit,  and  spent  a 
day  by  the  grave,  lamenting  and  bewailing  the  death  of 
one  who  had  been  the  pride  of  his  family  and  of  his  Indian 
home.  With  these  feelings  was  mingled  the  certain  and 
melancholy  prospect  of  the  extinction  of  his  tribe  and  the 
transfer  of  his  country,  with  its  many  silvery  rivers,  roll- 
ing and  green  prairies  and  dark  forests,  the  haunts  of 
his  youth,  to  the  possession  of  a  hated  enemy  ;  whilst  he 
and  his  people  were  to  be  driven,  as  he  supposed,  into  a 
strange  country,  far  from  the  graves  of  his  fathers  and 
his  children. 

Black  Hawk's  own  account  of  the  treaty  of  1804  is  as 
follows  :     He  says  some  Indians  of  the  tribe  were  arrested 


INDIAN   WAR. 


15 


and  imprisoned  in  St.  Louis  for  murder ;  that  some  of  the 
chiefs  were  sent  down  to  provide  for  their  defense ;  that 
whilst  there,  and  without  the  consent  of  the  nation,  they 
were  induced  to  sell  the  Indian  country ;  that  when  they 
came  home,  it  appeared  that  they  had  been  drunk  most  of 
the  time  they  were  absent,  and  could  give  no  account  of 
what  .they  had  done,  except  that  they  had  sold  some  land 
to  the  white  people,  and  had  come  home  loaded  with  pres- 
ents and  Indian  finery.  This  was  all  that  the  nation  ever 
heard  or  knew  about  the  treaty  of  1804. 

Under  the  pretense  that  this  treaty  was  void,  he  resisted 
the  order  of  the  government  for  the  removal  of  his  tribe 
west  of  the  Mississippi.  In  the  spring  of  1831,  he  re- 
crossed  the  river,  with  his  women  and  children  and  three 
hundred  warriors  of  the  British  band,  together  with  some 
of  the  Pottawatomie  and  Kickapoo  nations,  to  establish 
himself  upon  his  ancient  hunting-grounds  and  in  the  prin- 
cipal village  of  his  nation.  He  ordered  the  white  settlers 
away,  threw  down  their  fences,  unroofed  their  houses,  cut 
up  their  grain,  drove  off  and  killed  their  cattle,  and  threat- 
ened the  people  with  death  if  they  remained.  The  settlers 
made  their  complaints  to  Gov.  Reynolds.  These  acts  of 
the  Indians  were  considered  by  the  governor  to  be  an  inva- 
sion of  the  State.  He  immediately  addressed  letters  to 
Gen.  Gaines  of  the  United  States  army,  and  to  Gen.  Clark, 
the  superintendent  of  Indian  affairs,  calling  upon  them  to 
use  the  influence  of  the  government  to  procure  the  peace- 
ful removal  of  the  Indians,  if  possible ;  at  all  events  to 
defend  and  protect  the  American  citizens  who  had  pur- 
chased those  lands  from  the  United  States,  and  were  now 
about  to  be  ejected  by  the  Indians.  Gen.  Gaines  repaired 
to  Rock  Island,  with  a  few  companies  of  regular  soldiers, 
and  soon  ascertained  that  the  Indians  were  bent  upon  war. 
He  immediately  called  upon  Gov.  Reynolds  for  seven 


(83= 


";,'       16  PBINCETON. 


hundred  mounted  volunteers.  The  governor  obeyed  the 
requisition.  A  call  was  made  upon  some  of  the  northern 
and  central  counties,  in  obedience  to  which  fifteen  hundred 
volunteers  rushed  to  his  standard  at  Beardstown,  and  about 
the  10th  of  June  were  organized  and  ready  to  be  marched 
to  the  seat  of  war.  The  whole  force  was  divided  into  two 
regiments,  an  odd  battalion  and  a  spy  battalion.  The  1st 
regiment  was  commanded  by  Col.  James  D.  Henry,  the 
2nd  by  Col.  Daniel  Lieb,  the  odd  battalion  by  Major  Na- 
thaniel Buckmaster,  and  the  spy  battalion  by  Major  Samuel 
Whiteside.  The  whole  brigade  was  put  under  the  com- 
mand of  Major  Gen.  Joseph  Duncan,  of  the  State  Militia. 
This  was  the  largest  military  force  of  Illinoisans  which  had 
ever  assembled  in  the  State,  and  made  an  imposing  appear- 
ance as  it  traversed  the  then  unbroken  wilderness  of  prairie. 

The  army  proceeded  in  four  days  to  the  Mississippi,  but 
on  reaching  the  Indian  town  they  found  no  enemy  there  : 
the  Indians  had  quietly  departed  the  same  morning  in 
their  canoes  for  the  western  side  of  the  Mississippi.  Gen. 
Gaines  threatened  to  pursue  them  across  the  river,  which 
brought  back  Black  Hawk,  and  the  chiefs  and  braves  of 
the  hostile  band,  to  Fort  Armstrong  at  Rock  Island,  to  sue 
for  peace.  A  treaty  was  here  formed  with  them,  by  which 
they  agreed  to  remain  forever  after  on  the  west  side  of  the 
river,  and  never  to  recross  it  without  the  permission  of  the 
President  or  the  Governor  of  the  State.  And  thus  these 
Indians,  at  last,  ratified  the  treaty  of  1804,  by -which  their 
lands  were  sold  to  the  white  people,  and  they  agreed  to 
live  in  peace  with  the  government. 

But  notwithstanding  this  treaty,  early  in  the  spring  of 
1832,  Black  Hawk  and  the  disaffected  Indians  prepared 
to  reassert  their  right  to  the  disputed  territofy. 

The  united  Sacs  and  Fox  nations  were  divided  into  two 
parties.  Black  Hawk  commanded  the  warlike  band,  and 


INDIAN   WAR.  17 


Keokuk,  another  chief,  headed  the  band  which  was  in  favor 
of  peace.  Keokuk,  who  was  a  bold,  sagacious  leader  of 
his  people,  was  gifted  with  a  wild  and  stirring  eloquence, 
rare  to  be  found  even  among  Indians,  by  means  of  which 
he  retained  the  greater  part  of  his  nation  in  amity  with 
the  white  people.  But  nearly  all  the  bold,  turbulent 
spirits,  who  delighted  in  mischief,  arranged  themselves 
under  the  banner  of  his  rival.  Black  Hawk  had  with  him 
the  chivalry  of  his  nation,  with  which  he  recrossed  the 
Mississippi  in  the  spring  of  1832.  He  directed  his  march 
to  the  Rock  River  country,  and  this  time  aimed,  by  march- 
ing up  the  river  into  the  countries  of  the  Pottawatomies 
and  Winnebagoes,  to  make  them  his  allies.  Gov.  Rey- 
nolds, upon  being  informed  of  the  facts,  made  another  call 
for  volunteers.  In  a  few  days  eighteen  hundred  men  ral- 
lied under  his  banner  at  Beardstown.  This  force  was 
organized  into  four  regiments  and  a  spy  battalion.  Col. 
Dewit  commanded  the  1st  regiment,  .Col.  Fry  the  2nd, 
Col.  Thomas  the  3rd,  Col.  Thompson  the  4th ;  James  D. 
Henry  commanded  the  spy  battalion.  The  whole  brigade 
was  put  under  the  command  of  Brigadier  Gen.  Samuel 
Whiteside  of  the  State  Militia,  who  had  commanded  the 
spy  battalion  in  the  first  campaign.  On  the  27th  of  April 
Gen.  Whiteside,  accompanied  by  Gov.  Reynolds,  took  up 
his  line  of  march. 

It  seems  that  the  Indians  continued  their  march  up  the 
Rock  river  toward  the  Green  Bay  country,  attacking  settle- 
ments on  the  way,  killing  the  white  settlers  and  committing 
various  depredations.  They  were  also  pursued  by  the 
army,  which,  after  a  long  and  tedious  march,  enduring  the 
most  intense  suffering,  finally  overtook  them,  and,  after 
several  severe  battles,  drove  them  to  the  Mississippi,  where 
the  last  great  battle  was  fought.  Black  Hawk  and  some 
twenty  other  Indians  escaped  up  the  river.  A  number  of 


PRINCETON. 


Sioux  and  Winnebago  Indians  were  sent  in  pursuit  of  him. 
These  tribes,  though  sympathizing  with  the  hostile  band, 
were  as  accomplished  in  treachery  to  their  friends,  when 
friendship  was  most  needed,  as  are  a  more  civilized  people. 
They  had  lately  seen  so  striking  a  display  of  the  strength 
of  the  white  man,  that,  like  a  more  polished  race,  their 
mean  and  crafty  natures  clung  to  the  side  of  power. 
Headed  by  the  one-eyed  Decori,  a  Winnebago  chief,  they 
went  in  pursuit  of  Black  Hawk  and  his  party,  and  cap- 
tured them  high  up  on  the  Wisconsin  river.  The  prisoners 
were  brought  down  to  Prairie  Du  Chien  and  delivered  up 
to  Gen.  Street,  the  United  States  Indian  Agent.  Amongst 
them  was  a  son  of  Black  Hawk,  and  also  the  Prophet,  a 
noted  chief  who  formerly  resided  at  Prophetstown,  in 
Whiteside  county,  and  who  was  one  of  the  principal  insti- 
gators of  the  war. 

Upon  the  arrival  of  the  troops  at  Prairie  Du  Chien,  the 
volunteers  were  ordered  to  Dixon,  where  they  were  dis- 
charged, and  then  each  merry,  brave  man  hastened,  as  he 
pleased,  to  his  home,  his  kindred  and  friends.  Black 
Hawk  and  his  son,  Naapape,  Wishick,  and  the  Prophet, 
were  sent  down  to  Rock  Island;  and  with  them  went 
many  of  the  Winnebago  chiefs  to  meet  Keokuk,  and  the 
other  chiefs  of  the  Sacs  and  Foxes.  But  when  they 
arrived  at  Rock  Island,  the  place  appointed  for  a  treaty, 
the  cholera  had  broken  out  there,  so  that  Gen.  Scott  and 
Gov.  Reynolds,  with  the  prisoners  and  other  chiefs,  fell 
down  to  Jefferson  Barracks,  where  a  treaty  was  made,  by 
which  the  Sacs  and  Foxes  ceded  to  the  United  States  a 
large  tract  of  'land  bordering  on  the  Mississippi  from  the 
Desmoine  to  Turkey  river  in  the  territory  of  Iowa.  The 
prisoners  named  were  held  as  hostages,  for  the  peaceful 
behavior  of  the  hostile  Indians.  They  were  taken  to 
ington  city,  where  they  had  an  interview  with  Presi- 


Y  INDIAN   WAR.  19 

dent  Jackson,  to  whom,  it  is  reported,  Black  Hawk  said : 
"  I  am  a  man,  and  you  are  another.  We  did  not  expect 
to  conquer  the  white  people.  I  took  up  the  hatchet  to 
revenge  injuries  which  could  no  longer  be  borne.  Had  I 
borne  them  longer,  my  people  would  have"  said,  Black 
Hawk  is  a  squaw ;  he  is  too  old  to  be  a  chief.  He  is  no 
Sac.  This  caused  me  to  raise  the  war-whoop.  I  say  no 
more  of  it.  All  is  known  to  you.  Keokuk  once  was 
here  ;  you  took  him  by  the  hand,  and  when  he  wanted  to 
return,  you  sent  him  back  to  his  nation.  Black  Hawk 
expects  that,  like  Keokuk,  we  will  be  permitted  to  return 
too."-.  The  President  told  him,  that  when  he  was  satisfied 
that  all  things  would  remain  quiet,  they  should  return. 
He  then  took  them  by  the  hand  and  dismissed  them. 
They  were  then  sent  to  Fortress  Monroe,  where  Black 
Hawk  became  much  attached  to  Col.  Eustiss,  the  com- 
mander at  the  Fort.  On  parting  with  him,  Black  Hawk 
said,  "  The  memory  of  your  friendship  will  remain  until 
the  Great  Spirit  says  that  it  is  time  for  Black  Hawk  to 
sing  his  death  song;"  then  presenting  him  with  a  hunting 
dress,  and  .some  feathers  of  the  white  eagle,  he  said  : 
"Accept  these,  my  brother;  I  have  given  one  like  them 
to  the  White  Beaver,"  (Gen.  Atkinson.)  "Accept  them 
from  Black  Hawk,  and  when  he  is  far  away,  they  will 
serve  to  remind  you  of  him.  May  the  Great  Spirit  bless 
you  and  your  children.  Farewell." 

By  order  of  the  President,  these  Indian  prisoners,  on 
the  4th  day  of  June,  1833,  were  returned  to  their  own 
country.  They  were  taken  to  Baltimore,  Philadelphia, 
New  York,  and  other  cities,  to  show  them  the  numbers 
and  power  of  the  white  people.  In  all  these  places  they 
attracted  great  attention  ;  crowds  every  where  collected  to 
see  them ;  and  they  even  divided  the  attention  and  curi- 
osity of  the  public  with  Gen.  Jackson  himself,  who  was 


20  PRINCETON. 


then  making  the  tour  of  the  northern  States.  Amongst 
others,  the  ladies  universally  sought  their  acquaintance ; 
and  one  young  lady,  (said  to  be  respectable,)  in  her 
admiration  of  Black  Hawk's  son,  actually  kissed  him, 
before  crowds  of  people.  In  return  for  their  politeness 
and  sympathy,  Black  Hawk  told  them  that  they  were 
"  very  pretty  squaws. "  They  were  returned  by  way  of 
the  New  York  canal  and  the  northern  lakes,  to  their  own 
people  in  the  wilderness  west  of  the  Mississippi.  Black 
Hawk  lived  until  the  3rd  of  October,  1840,  when  he  was 
gathered  to  his  fathers  at  the  age  of  eighty  years,  and 
was  buried  on  the  banks  of  the  great  river  where  he  had 
spent  his  life,  and  which  he  had  loved  so  much. 

During  the  years  1834-5,  the  town  and  surrounding 
country  was  being  settled  quite  rapidly,  for  those  days, 
with  a  population  that  sought  for  improvements  generally. 
Nothing  of  special  interest  worthy  of  note,  with  perhaps 
the  exception  of  the  division  of  the  county,  and  locating 
the  county  seat,  (which  we  notice  in  the  sketch  of  the 
county,)  occurred  in  the  history  of  the  town  for  several 
successive  years.  Although  more  or  less  changes  were 
made,  yet,  up  to  1850,  but  little  difference  in  the  general 
appearance  of  the  place  was  effected. 

About  this  time  the  subject  of  building  a  railroad  from 
Peru  to  Rock  Island,  passing  through  this  place,  was 
being  agitated.  Meetings  were  held  in  the  different 
counties  through  which  the  contemplated  road  was  to 
pass,  and  a  large  amount  of  stock  was  subscribed  for. 
But  ere  any  thing  very  definite  was  done,  another  route 
was  proposed,  from  Chicago  to  Rock  Island  via  LaSalle 
and  Peru,  passing  some  six  miles  south  of  PRINCETON. 
This  route  was  finally  adopted,  and  the  road  rapidly 
which  somewhat  disappointed  the  hopes  of  our 


RAILROADS.  21 


citizens.  It  proved,  however,  to  be  a  mere  dark  cloud, 
which  was  destined  soon  to  pass  away,  and  usher  in  a  day 
even  more  glorious  in  its  prospects  than  any  hitherto 
anticipated.  Another  road  was  soon  in  contemplation,  to 
be  called  the  Central  Military  Tract  Railroad,  connecting 
at  Mendota  with  the  Chicago  and  Aurora  Extension  Rail- 
road, running  south-west  to  Galesburg,  there  to  connect 
with  the  Peoria  and  Oquawka  Railroad,  and  pass  on  to 
Burlington,  Iowa;  also  with  the  Northern  Cross  Rail- 
road, the  southern,  terminus  of  which  is  at  Quincy,  111. 
The  surveys  for  this  route  were  in  process  in  the  summer 
of  1852,  and  finally  located  during  the  succeeding  winter 
—  the  stock  being  nearly  or  quite  all  subscribed  for.  The 
contract  for  building  the  road  was  also  let,  and  during  the 
spring  and  summer  of  1853  the  work  was  pushed  vigor- 
ously forward.  In  little  more  than  a  year  from  its  com- 
mencement the  grading  was  nearly  all  completed,  and  the 
laying  of  'the  rails  slowly  followed. 

In  the  month  of  September,  1854,  the  road  was  com- 
pleted to  this  place,  and  trains  of  cars  arrived  and 
departed  daily.  During  the  following  winter,  the  road 
being  finished,  trains  commenced  making  regular  trips 
from  Chicago  to  Burlington,  a  distance  of  two  hundred 
and  ten  miles.  The  three  roads  have  since  been  consol- 
idated into  one,  and  are  now  known  as  the  Chicago,  Bur- 
lington and  Quincy  Railroad.  It  not  only  passes  through 
the  handsomest  portions  of  Illinois,  linking  Chicago  with 
the  noble  Mississippi,  but  is  acknowledged  to  be  one  of 
the  best  roads  in  the  country.  Thus  it  affords  pleasure 
and  ease,  and  also  profit,  to  the  traveler,  and  gives  him 
an  opportunity  of  viewing  the  rich  and  fertile  prairies, 
pleasant  groves,  meandering  streams  and  thriving  towns 
as  he  passes  them  ;  and  especially  he  can  now  look  with 
favor  and  delight  upon  the  general  appearance  and  site  of 


A 


22      '  PRINCETON. 


PRINCETON,  as  he  approaches  and  also  leaves  it,  in  its 
growing  prospect  and  enterprise. 

Before  the  completion  of  the  railroad,  however,  enter- 
prise was  not  wanting  here,  yet  all  hail  with  joy  and 
gladness  tljev  iron  horse  as  he  comes  dashing  into  our 
midst,  drawing  the  heavy  laden  passenger  and  freight 
trains !  Yesy^he  crowded  bins  of  the  warehouses,  the 
lively  step  of  the  merchant  who  is  fast  for  closing  a  bar- 
gain, the  sound  of  the  hammer  of  numerous  mechanics, 
busily  engaged  in  erecting  buildings  throughout  the  town, 
the  happy  countenance  of  the  farmer,  bearing  his  produce 
to  market,  and  the  busy  hum  of  carriages,  prove  that  the 
cars  are  greeted  with  a  hearty  welcome. 

Since  the  completion  of  the  railroad  *to  this  place, 
property  in  real  estate  has  been  advancing  in  value  quite 
rapidly ;  still,  we  think  lots  can  be  obtained  at  reasonable 
rates.  Good  business  lots  on  Main  street,  between  the 
Public  Square  and  Prairie  and  Monroe  Houses/ are  rang- 
ing from  $40  to  $60  per  foot.  North  of  this  block  they 
can  be  bought  much  cheaper.  Lots  for  residences  sell  for 
from  $100  to  $500  each,  according  to  size  and  location. 
And  not  only  this,  but  the  population  has  greatly  in- 
creased,— not  so  rapidly  and  astonishingly  as  some  newer 
places  which  have  sprung  up  in  the  night,  as  it  were,  and 
which  are  destined  to  flourish  a  short  time  and  then  "  dry 
up,"  but  a  steady  and  healthy  growth,  which  will  increase 
as  years  roll  on.  The  population  within  the  limits  of  the 
corporation,  according  to  the  last  census,  taken  nearly  a 
year  since,  was  2,238.  Now  it  is  computed  at  from 
2,500  to  3,000. 

It  is  estimated  that  for  the  past  three  years  there  has 
been  an  average  of  from  100  to  150  houses  built  per 
j  year.  Several  new  and  commodious  stores,  in  blocks  and 
fl  separate,  have  been  erected  and  completed  during  the 


STORES,  HOTEL,   ETC. 


23 


past  year,  which  are  all  occupied.  Many  persons  have 
visited  our  place  with  a  view  of  settling  among  us  and 
engaging  in  business,  but  failing  to  find  either  tenements 
or  rooms  for  business,  have  been  obliged  to  seek  other 
places.  It  is  hoped  that  our  more  wealthy  citizens  will 
turn  their  attention  to  this  fact,  and  become  induced  to 
invest  their  capital  in  building  at  home,  and  thus  con- 
tribute to  improve  and  build  up  the  town,  rather  than 
spend  all  in  speculating  in  real  estate  abroad.  Some 
have  already  anticipated  this  desideratum,  and  two  sub- 
stantial brick  blocks  have  been  erected.  The  first,  a  large 


hotel,  called  the  American  House,  the  dimensions  of  which 
are  as  follows  :  main  building  100  feet  long,  50  wide, 
four  stories  high  ;  one  wing  33  by  28,  three  stories  high ; 
another  wing  20  by  30,  two  stories  high.  The  first  story 
contains  seven  stores ;  the  upper  stories,  or  hotel  part, 
contain  upward  of  fifty  rooms,  and  are  finished  after  the 
latest  style  of  architecture,  having  all  the  modern  improve- 
ments. The  building  was  erected  mainly  by  the  following 


named  persons,  at  a  cost  of  about  $32,000  :  Stevens  & 
McConihes,  John  H.  Bryant,  J.  Albright,  A.  Gosse, 
William  Carse  and  Elijah  Dee. 

(Another  block  is  in  contemplation  by  the  same  com- 
pany, to  be  built  on  the  adjoining  lot  east  of  the  hotel,  to 
be  three  stories  high,  and  containing  seven  stores,  24  by 
100  feet,  a  large  public  hall,  60  by  100  feet,  with  offices 
on  second  and  third  floors.) 

The  second  block,  known  as  the  new  "  Mercantile 
Block,"  built  by  Messrs.  R.  T.  Templeton,  E.  G.  Jester, 
and  Geo.  Hughes,  is  two  stories  in  height,  the  main  build- 
ing being  67  feet  front,  and  60  and  85  in  width.  It  con- 
tains three  stores,  with  rooms  for  offices  above,  and  cost 
about  $10,000. 

A  large  steam  Flouring  Mill  has  lately  been  erected  by 
Messrs.  Bobbins,  Lawson  &  Co.,  at  a  cost  of  $12,000, 
which  is  doing  a  large  business,  as  will  be  seen  by  our 
statistics.  A  large  brick  steam  Furniture  Factory  has 
been  built,  and  is  now  in  full  blast.  A  Stove  Foun- 
dry has  also  been  in  operation  about  ten  months,  and  is 
now  turning  out  some  mammoth  specimens  of  stoves. 
The  proprietors,  Messrs.  Miller  &  Chritzman,  design 
erecting  a  substantial  building  during  the  present  year, 
that  they  may  be  enabled  to  carry  on  a  large  business  in 
their  line.  A  steam  Planing  Mill  and  Sash  Factory  has 
also  been  erected  by  A.  L.  Davis,  which  has  sent  out 
some  $7,000  worth  of  work  during  the  past  year,  and 
will  do  a  much  larger  business  the  present  year. 

A  new  system  of  tanning  leather  has  been  introduced 
by  one  of  our  citizens,  Mr.  Geo.  W.  Hatch,  who  for 
the  past  year  has  given  the  public  an  opportunity  of  test- 
ing his  leather ;  and  though  he  has  had  many  obstacles  to 
surmount,  and  many  objections  to  overcome, — for  like 
all  new  projects,  his  at  first  was  viewed  with  distrust  and 


=6® 


GRAIN    STATISTICS.  25 

adopted  with  caution, — he  has  succeeded  in  obtaining  a 
patent,  and  is  fast  gaining  favor.  We  learn  that  he  con- 
templates building  a  commodious  brick  Tannery,  which 
will  enable  him  to  carry  on  the  business  on  a  much  larger 
scale.  Part  of  the  brick  is  already  on  the  ground. 

Ever  since  the  division  of  the  county  and  the  establish- 
ment of  the  county  seat  at  PRINCETON,  it  has  been  noted  as 
a  great  business  place,  taking  into  consideration  its  popu- 
lation, and  for  the  last  year  or  two  has  greatly  increased  in 
this  respect,  and  still  continues  to  advance ;  and  we  doubt 
whether  another  inland  town  of  its  size,  or  even  larger,  can 
be  found  to  excel  or  equal  it.  People  from  abroad  are 
often  astonished  while  passing  through  Main  street,  to  find 
it  crowded  with  the  teams  of  farmers  who  have  come  into 
town  to  do  their  trading,  rendering  .it  at  times  almost 
impassable.  Teams  are  continually  passing  to  and  from 
the  depot,  loaded  with  produce,  lumber,  wood,  coal,  etc. 

To  substantiate  this  statement,  we  will  here  give  some 
important  statistics,  a  portion  of  which,  through  the  polite- 
ness of  Mr.  C.  Barrie,  agent,  we  gather  from  the  freight 
books  of  the  Chicago  and  Burlington  Eailroad,  for  1856. 

Amount  of  Grain  Shipped. 

Corn,  bushels 200,000 

Wheat,     "     82,600 

Oats,         "     27,800 

The  above  figures  are  much  smaller  than  they  were  the 
previous  year,  owing  to  the  low  price  of  grain  during  the 
past  year,  which  has  induced  many  of  the  farmers  to  hold 
over  their  produce.  We  are  told  by  grain  dealers,  and 
by  some  of  our  extensive  farmers,  that  we  may  safely  say 
that  full  one-half  of  the  grain  raised  in  the  vicinity  of 
PRINCETON  during  the  past  year  has  not  yet  been  brought 
into  market.  This  is  particularly  true  in  regard  to  wheat. 
2 


PRINCETON. 


If  this  is  correct,  we  have  the  sum  of  165, ^00  bushels  of 
wheat,  to  which  we  add  the  amount  received  at  the  mills, 
making  a  total  of  265,200  bushels. 

There  are  two  Flouring  Mills  in  PRINCETON,  and  the  fol- 
lowing is  a  statement  of  their  operations  during  the  year 
1856: 

Amount  of  Flour  Manufactured. 

Robbins,  Lawson  &  Co.  (Princeton  City  Mills)  bbls.  12,000 
Hurlbut  &  Bingham bbls.     8,000 

Total 20,000 

Amount  of  Grain  Used. 
PRINCETON   CITY  MILLS. 

Custom  work — Wheat,      bushels   22,500 

"  "        Corn,  " 2,000 

"  "        Buckwheat,    "       500 

Merchant  work— Wheat,  bushels 37,500 

"  "          Corn,          "     500 

Total :  Wheat,        bushels 60,000 

Corn,  "       -..   2,500 

Buckwheat,     "         500 

HURLBUT   &  BINGHAM. 

Custom  work — Wheat,  bushels 30,000 

"    '       "       Corn,          "       8,000 

Merchant  work —  Wheat,  bushels 10,000 

"              "           Corn,           "       5,000 

Total :        Wheat,    bushels 40,000 

Corn,          "        13,000 

The  Pork  business,  during  the  past  year,  has  been  quite 
small  in  comparison  with  former  seasons,  which  may  be 
accounted  for  by  the  fact  that  our  farmers  have  preferred 
to  raisp  more  corn  and  less  pork.  There  have  been,  how- 
ever, about  1,000  dressed,  and  something  less  than  half 
that  number  of  live,  hogs  shipped  by  railroad. 


LUMBER   TRADE,   FUEL.  27 


The  Lumber  trade  of  PRINCETON  is  of  no  small  import- 
ance. Although  we  have  some  three  or  four  dealers  in 
this  article,  yet  the  demand  exceeds  the  supply,  owing  in 
part  to  the  difficulty  of  getting  it  shipped  from  Chicago, 
on  account  of  the  great  amount  of  freighting  done  on  the 
railroad.  The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  amount  of 
Lumber  received  at  the  depot  during  1856  : 

Amount  of  Lumber  Received. 

Lumber,  feet , 2,396,476 

Shingles,  M 1,553,000 

Lath,  bunches 5,000 

Fuel. 

The  amount  of  Coal  received  from  other  places  by  rail- 
road, during  1856,  for  the  use  of  our  citizens,  was  about 
600  tons.  A  large  amount  has  also  been  brought  by 
teams  from  Sheffield  and  Tiskilwa,  amounting  in  all  to 
about  800  or  1,000  tons.  But  PRINCETON  is  by  no  means 
dependent  upon  other  places  for  her  fuel,  as  will  readily 
be  seen  by  the  fact  that  11,000  cords  of  wood  have  been 
hauled  to  the  depot  during  the  year  1856,  and  sold  for 
the  use  of  the  Railroad  Company  at  this  and  other  sta- 
tions. There  are  now  12,000  cords  at  the  depot,  covering 
about  ten  acres  of  ground  ! 

A  coal  bed  has  lately  been  discovered  within  a  few 
miles  of  the  town,  and  we  doubt  not  but  others  will  soon 
be  found,  and  that  PRINCETON  will  soon  furnish  coal,  as 
well  as  wood,  for  home  and  foreign  consumption. 

That  the  reader  may  have  something  of  an  idea  of  the 
amount  of  business  done  by  the  Railroad  at  this  place, 
we  will  give  a  table  showing  the  amount  of  money  received 
by  the  company  for  freight  shipped  to  and  from  PRINCETON 
during  the  year  1856. 


Amount  of  Cash  Keceived  for  In  Freight. 

MONTHS. 

PRE- 
PAID. 

BACK 
CHARGES. 

LOCAL 
CHARGES. 

January            ... 

79 
$9  84 
7  18 
3  15 
1  26- 
4  80 
25 

$330  58 
125  01 
302  49 
1,280  97 
2,008  61 
705  89 
707  92 
599  31 
886  05 
1,036  70 
1,565  59 
789  52 

$980".68 
1,214^17 
1,933  25 
1,297  04 
2,088  69 
1,538  68 
2,082  72 
1,509  50 
2,936  10 
2,601   52 
1,580  07 
1,487  90 

March    

April      .      .  .        

May                            ... 

June  

July  

August  

September                                . 

2  59 
5  55 
38 
2  12 

October  

December  .            

Total  

$37  91  !  $10,338  64 

$21,250  32 

There  has  been  $7,200  received  at  this  office  for  pas- 
senger tickets  during  the  year  1856. 

Amount  of  Cash  Received  for  Freight  Forwarded. 


MONTHS. 

PRE- 
PAID. 

BACK 
CHARGES. 

LOCAL 
CHARGES. 

January  

55 

$6  57 

$459  78 

February           .     .  . 

$6  85 

7  04 

503  82 

March  

11  34 

14  85 

449  30 

April  . 

13  01 

47  93 

613  99 

May 

17  76 

24  22 

1  996  35 

r4  J  
June                     ...    . 

9  88 

4  01 

2  886  80 

July.. 

8  25 

43  59 

3  674  25 

August  

2  29 

6  148  44 

September  

5  49 

25 

6  446  86 

October    ....       

13  00 

4  886  15 

November  

25 

822  58 

December  

12  84 

46  71 

361  97 

Total  

$101  26 

$195  42 

$29,450  29 

There  has  also  been  $46,000  paid  out  for  wood,  posts 
and  ties  during  the  year  1856. 


BUSINESS   STATISTICS. 


29 


These  figures,  which  are  not  exaggerated,  compare  well 
with  many  towns  claiming  to  have  five  times  the  number 
of  inhabitants  that  PRINCETON  has,  and  that  are  not  only 
connected  by  railroad  with  Chicago  and  the  East,  but  have 
the  advantage  of  navigation  on  the  Mississippi  river,  thus 
affording  communication  with  the  North  and  the  South 
also.  Indeed,  while  all  compare  well  according  to  popula- 
tion, some  exceed  and  even  double  ! 

A  goodly  number  of  stores  and  shops  of  all  kinds  are 
already  established  and  doing  a  fine  trade.  Some  of  the 
older  firms  are  carrying  on  a  large  and  extensive  business, 
that  might  well  be  envied  by  many  leading  firms  located  in 
much  larger  places. 

We  designed  giving  the  amount  of  capital  invested 
and  sales  made  during  the  past  year,  in  each  particular 
branch  of  business,  but  were  unable  to  do  so,  owing  to  a 
variety  of  reasons.  Below  are  some  of  the  most  import- 
ant, and  will  give  the  reader  some  idea  of  the  whole. 


KIND  OF  BUSINESS. 


!  Amount  of  |  Amount  of 
Capital    |  Sales  during 
,  Invested.     Past  Year. 


Dry  Goods  

$100,000 

$250,000 

21,000 

85,000 

Clothing  Stores  

22,000 

50,000 

Stoves,  Tin  and  Hardware  

18,000 

50,000 

Harness  Shops 

7  000 

Boots  and  Shoes 

6  000 

Furniture  Stores  

18,000 

35,000 

Drug  Stores     

18000 

35,000 

Jewelry  Stores                            

7  500 

10000 

There  are  three  Brick  Yards  in  Princeton,  which,  dur- 
ing the  past  year,  have  manufactured  and  sold  upward  of 
3,400,000  brick,  at  an  average  of  $5.75  per  thousand. 

There  is  one  steam  Saw  Mill,  though  it  is  in  operation 


PRINCETON. 


but  a  part  of  the  time.      During  the  past  year  it  has 
sawed  upward  of  171,000  feet  of  Lumber. 

But  to  be  more  particular,  we  will  here  give  a  list  of 
persons  engaged  in  the  various  branches  of  business. 

Dealers  in  Dry  Goods. 


William  Carse. 

Rawson  Brothers. 

Converse  &  Thomson. 

Alex.  Boyd. 

A.  &  M.  Carse. 

A.  &  L.  Hiscock. 

David  Robinson,  Jr.  &  Co. 

J.  Riale  &  Son. 

A.  Knights,  from  Philadel'a,  designs  opening  a  store  soon. 


Stevens  &  McConihes. 
Alfred  Johnson. 
D.  G.  Salisbury. 
P.  N.  Newell  &  Co. 
H.  J.  Everett. 
Wm.  H.  Mason. 
Mrs.  Jane  F.  Hale. 


Grocery  and  Variety  Stores. 


Delano  &  Burr. 
J.  Crittenden  &  Co. 
James  Corbett  &  Bro. 
Morrison  &  Fisher. 
E.  Wester. 


A.  C.  Gilcrest  &  Co. 
W.  H.  Colesbery. 
Baker  &  Garvin. 
James  Crownover. 
J.  F.  Fieselman. 


Dealers  in  Stoves,  Tin  and  Hardware. 

Jacobs  &  White. 
Paddock  &  Seaman. 


A.  S.  &  E.  C.  Chapman. 
Clothing  Stores. 


J.  Walter  &  Co. 
E.  Wester. 


Dernham  &  Rosenstraus. 
Wolf,  Bergman  &  Co. 


Merchant  Tailors. 
John  S.  Mulliner.  Ambrose  &  Burnsides. 

Millinery  and  Dress  Making. 

Mrs.  Jane  F.  Hale.  I       Mrs.  C.  C.  Selfridge. 

Mrs.  C.  Meservy. 


BUSINESS   STATISTICS. 


31 


Bodley  &  Wilson. 
W.  H.  Winter. 


P.  F.  Packard. 
E.  Harris. 


Drug  Stores. 

Converse  &  Thomson. 

Jewelry  Stores. 

P.  Fagercrantz. 


Manufacturers  of  and  Dealers  in  Furniture. 


Levisee  &  Davis. 
James  T.  Stevens. 


Stowell  &  Co. 
S.  E.  Newbery. 


A.  P.  Lawson  &  Co. 
William  Grant. 


Harness  Shops. 

E.  G.  Jester  &  Co. 


Boot  and  Shoe  Shops. 
J.  W.  Harwood  &  Co.         |       Preston  S.  Earr  &  Co. 


G.  Van  Velzer. 
A.  Love. 


William  Jones. 


Apthorp  &  Butler. 
Frank  Woodworth. 


Charles  Van  Yelzer. 


Bakeries. 

William  Harris. 

Dining  Saloons. 

Henry  W.  Kelly. 
J.  H.  Smith. 


Meat  Markets. 
Collett  &  Jones.  |       E.  M.  &  A.  Bartles. 

Produce  Merchants. 


A.  &  J.  N.  Fisher. 

E.  H.  Brooks. 

E.  Curtis. 

Sidney  Smith. 

R.  P.  Conger  &  Dratt. 


Stevens  &  McConihes. 
William  Warren. 
William  Carse. 
P.  N.  Newell  &  Co> 


PRINCETON. 


Lumber  Yards. 


Jacob  Fetrow  &  Co. 
D  unbar  &  Spring. 


Priestley  &  Carpenter. 


Andrew  Gosse. 
Gillett  Burr. 


Brick  Yards. 

Alvin  Burton. 


Carpenters  and  Joiners. 


A.  Whitmarsh. 
Paine  &  Merriam. 
J.  N.  Carlton. 
A.  B.  Thayer. 
Eli  R.  Mathis. 
A.  C.  Prout. 
Abel  Martin. 


E.  White. 

E.  H.  Swayne. 


S.  D.  Hinsdale. 


Morse  &  Wolfenbergar. 
James  Grant. 
J.  Crocker. 
A.  H.  Burrell. 
George  Grant. 
David  Grant. 


Masons. 

Henry  H.  Richards. 

Gunsmiths. 

S.  J.  Lindbarg. 


Huntington  &  Campbell. 
B.  Bartholomew. 
R.  Smith. 


Blacksmiths. 

William  H.  Cook. 
Anson  P.  Fish. 
C.  Conklin. 


Robert  Waterson, 
M.  Richards. 


W.  H.  Snow. 
C.  Wilson. 


Bill  &  Morse. 


Wagon  Shops. 

William  Spangler. 

Painters. 

Adley  &  Elmendorf. 

Livery  Stables. 

I       J.  P.  Allison. 


BUSINESS   STATISTICS. 


33 


Civil  Engineers  and  Surveyors. 
George  H.  Bobbins.  I       Winship  &  Hodgeman. 


C.  B.  Johnson. 

l 


Nursery  Men. 

John  G.  Bubach. 


Steam  Flouring  Mills. 

S.  P.  Bingham. 

Robbins,  Lawson  &  Co. 

Dentists. 

P.  W.  Ferris. 

D.  Brainard. 

Physicians. 

W.  C.  Anthony. 

William  0.  Chamberlain 

A.  R  Bodley. 

A.  E.  Griffith. 

Joseph  Shugart. 

William  Mercer. 

J.  W.  Gamwell. 

Joseph  Mercer. 

Levi  J.  Woodbury. 

Alvin  Ballou. 

Attorneys. 

Peters  &  Farwell. 

William  M.  Zearing. 

Taylor  &  Stipp. 

C.  P.  Allen. 

Milo  Kendall. 

Joseph  S.  Williams. 

M.  Ballou. 

J.  M.  Grimes. 

Levi  North. 

William  A.  Frazer. 

C.  L.  Kelsey. 

J.  Porter,  Jr. 

Charles  J.  Peckham. 

George  0.  Ide. 

Banking  Houses. 


Kelsey,  Waller  &  Co. 


Hulburd,  Sharp  &  Co. 


Hotels. 


EAGLE  HOTEL,  William  McKee,  Proprietor. 
MONROE  HOUSE,  William  L.  Dayton,  Proprietor. 
PRAIRIE  HOUSE,  Joseph  Donaldson,  Proprietor 
AMERICAN  HOUSE. 


-— =§§ 


Newspapers. 

PRINCETON  POST,  Charles  Faxon,  Editor  and  Proprietor. 
BUREAU  COUNTY  DEMOCRAT,  C.  N.  Pine,  Editor  and  Pro- 
prietor. 

Miscellaneous. 

C.  Barrie Freight  Agent  Chi.  &  Burl.  R.  R. 

S.  P.  Bingham Proprietor  of  Steam  Saw  Mill. 

Rufus  Carey County  Treasurer. 

Rev.  A.  B.  Church.  .School  Commissioner. 

Colbe  &  Frick Barbers. 

A.  L.  Davis Proprietor  of  Steam  Planing  Mill. 

Robt.  R.  Dunbar. .  .Wire  Fence  Builder. 

Homer  Fellows Assistant  Post  Master. 

E.  M.  Fisher Clerk  of  Circuit  Court  and  Recorder. 

R.  B.  Foster Dealer  in  Books  and  Stationery. 

E.  M.  Gardiner. . .  .Tobacco  and  Cigar  Store. 
William  Gaylor  ....  Expressman. 
George  W.  Hatch  . .  Tanner. 
Mrs.  Jane  F.  Hale  .  Music  Store. 
William  H.  Masters .  Ambrotype  Artist. 
Miller  &  Chritzman  .  Stove  Foundry. 

N.  Matson Dealer  in  Real  Estate. 

T.  A.  North Cooper. 

J.  W.  Neighbour  . . .  Dealer  in  Apples,  Cider  and  Vinegar. 

S.  Osborn Marble  Shop. 

H.  Patterson Telegraph  Operator. 

C.  N.  Pine Post  Master. 

John  D.  Reynolds  .  .Broom  Manufacturer. 

John  R.  Sloan Portrait  and  Landscape  Painter. 

I.  B.  Smith Publisher. 

J.  L.  Swarts Daguerrean  Artist. 

Spaulding  &  Smith . .  Manufacturers  of  Wire  Fence. 

C.  A.  Smith Expressman  and  Drayman. 

J.  V.  Thompson ....  County  Clerk. 
Z.  K.Waldron Sheriff 

In  the  preceding  list  we  have  only  designed  to  give  the 
names  of  those  who  are  doing  business  for  themselves. 
Besides  these  there  are  a  large  number  of  hands  actively 
engaged  in  nearly  every  branch  of  business. 


— ^il 

CHURCHES.  35      y 

rTT«     4-V.«4- 


The  following  list  of  Churches  and  Schools  shows  that 
the  inhabitants  here  still  imbibe  the  spirit  of  the  Puritan 
Fathers.  For  it  has  often  been  remarked,  that  wherever 
their  descendants  went,  they  were  sure  to  erect  a  suitable 
place  for  the  worship  of  God,  and  also  to  establish  schools 
as  soon  as  circumstances  would  allow. 

Hampshire  Colony  Congregational  Church. 
Organized  at  Northampton,  Mass.,  March  23rd,  1831, 
and  settled  in  Princeton,  July  6th,  1831.  Number  of 
members  at  the  time  of  settlement,  6 ;  present  number  of 
resident  members,  160.  This  church  has  had  but  three 
settled  ministers.  Rev.  Lucien  Farnham  commenced  his 
labors  in  1833,  and  was  installed  first  pastor,  October 
21st,  1835,  and  continued  as  such  until  April,  1839. 
Rev.  Owen  Lovejoy  commenced  preaching  October,  1838, 
and  was  installed  as  pastor  November  7th,  1839,  and  con- 
tinued his  relation  as  such  until  January,  1856,  a  period 
of  seventeen  years.  Rev.  N.  A.  Keyes  was  stated  supply 
during  the  year  1856.  Rev.  Samuel  D.  Cochran,  present 
pastor,  was  settled  in  January,  1857.  The  church  has 
built  two  houses  of  worship — the  first  was  a  framed  build- 
ing ;  the  second,  a  brick  building,  44  by  65,  erected  in 
1848,  and  which  was  thought  to  be  sufficiently  large  for 
many  years  to  come,  but  is  now  too  small,  and  arrangements 
will  probably  soonb^made  for  enlarging  or  building  anew. 

Presbyterian  Church,  (Old  School). 

Organized  October  26th,  1837,  under  the  name  of  the 
"First  IndepericTent  Congregational  Church."  Became 
Presbyterian,  December  25th,  184G.  Number  of  mem- 
bers when  organized,  24  ;  number  of  resident  members  at 
present,  110.  Rev.  A.  B.  Church  was  minister  most  of 
the  time  from  its  organization  till  it  became  Presbyterian. 


36  PRINCETON. 


Rev.  I.  Pillsbury  was  stated  supply  from  August  llth, 
1844,  to  December  7th,  1845  ;  Rev.  John  Stacker  most 
of  the  year  following ;  Rev.  William  Perkins,  from  May 
1st,  1847,  to  October,  1849,  having  been  installed  pastor 
October,  1847 ;  Rev.  I.  Pillsbury,  from  October,  1849, 
to  April  20th,  1854,  having  been  installed  May,  1850 ; 
Rev.  William  P.  Carson  supplied  during  the  summer  of 
1855.  Rev.  J.  C.  Barr,  the  present  pastor,  commenced  as 
supply  October,  1855,  and  was  installed  pastor  January 
3rd,  1856.  This  church  and  society  have  just  completed 
a  fine  church  edifice,  50  by  80,  at  a  cost  of  about  $11,000. 
They  formerly  occupied  a  framed  building,  erected  soon 
after  the  organization  of  the  church. 

Baptist  Church. 

Organized  in  the  summer  of  1835.  Number  of  mem- 
bers at  the  time  of  organization,  13  ;  present  number  of 
resident  members,  136.  The  church  has  been  supplied 
with  preaching  by  different  ministers  until  June,  1853, 
when  Rev.  F.  B.  Ives,  the  present  pastor,  commenced  his 
labors.  This  church  completed  a  small  framed  building 
for  a  house  of  worship  in  1848,  which  has  since  been 
enlarged,  but  is  now  too  small  to  accommodate  the  congre- 
gation. A  lot  has  already  been  purchased,  with  a  view 
of  building  again  soon. 

_ 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 

Organized  October,  1833.  It  was  then  a  part  of 
Princeton  Circuit ;  Rev.  William  Royal  was  then  pastor. 
Number  of  members  at  tin-  time  of  organization,  8  ;  present 
number  of  resident  members,  73.  In  July,  1851,  it  was 
made  a  Station,  Rev.  M.  P.  Sweet,  pastor,  who  continued 
this  relation  till  October,  1853.  He  was  followed  by  Rev. 
J.  0.  Gilbert  for  one  year.  Rev.  J.  W.  Stogdill  was  his 


CHURCHES.  37 


successor  for  two  years,  to  September,  1856.  He  was 
followed  by  the  present  pastor,  Rev.  Silas  Searl.  In 
1845  they  erected  a  brick  house  of  worship,  which  they 
still  occupy. 

Methodist  Protestant  Church. 

Organized  in  1837,  with  8  members.  Present  num- 
ber of  resident  members,  64.  Rev.  John  Cauch,  pastor. 
This  church  has  erected  but  one  house  of  worship,  a  small 
brick  building,  which  they  now  occupy. 

Christian  Church. 

Organized  the  8th  of  March,  1840.  Number  of  mem- 
bers when  organized,  about  20  ;  present  number,  about 
75.  John  M.  Yearnshaw,  preacher  when  the  society  was 
organized  ;  since  then,  George  McManis,  John  Ross,  John 
Sargent  and  D.  R.  Howe,  the  latter  being  the  present 
preacher.  The  society  built  a  brick  meeting-house,  28  by 
40,  in  1845,  which  they  still  occupy. 

Swedish  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church. 

Organized  June   16th,  1854.      Number  of   members 

when  organized,  46  ;  present  number,  100.     Rev.  L.  P. 

Esbjorn,  pastor.     This  church  has  just  completed  a  neat 

framed  house  of  worship,  30  by  42,  at  a  cost  of  $1,500. 

German  Evangelical  United  Lutheran  and  Reformed 
'  ..'^-    •  Church. 

Organized  April  27th,  1856.  Number  of  members  at 
the  trme  of  organization,  44;  present  number,  52.  Rev. 
C.  Reas,  pastor.  During  the  past  year  this  church  have 
built  a  small  though  neat  framed  house  of  worship,  26  by 
36,  at  a  cost  of  about  $1,200. 
V. 

Connected  with  the  foregoing  Churches  are  Sabbath 
Schools. 


38  PRINCETON. 


The  German  Methodists  meet  regularly  every  Sabbath 
for  church  services  at  a  school  house  near  the  depot,  but 
as  yet  are  not  organized  into  a  church.  Episcopal  services 
are  also  now  held  every  Sabbath,  but  no  church  is  yet 
formed. 

SCHOOLS. 

PKINCETON  SEMINARY — James  H.  Smith,  Principal ; 
Miss  Ada  Walker,  Assistant.  Established  1851.  Aver- 
age attendance  from  its  commencement  to  the  present 
time,  81. 

UNION  (PUBLIC)  SCHOOL. — This  school  is  divided  into 
four  departments,  as  follows  : 

No.  1 taught  by  Miss  Jane  M.  Skinner. 

No.  2 "       "     "      Victoria  M.  White. 

No.  3 "      "     "      A.  M.  Lane, 

assisted  by  Miss  H.  H.  Currier. 

No.  4 taught  by  Mr.  J.  A.  Sewall,  assisted 

by  Miss  E.  G-.  Noble. 

Number  of  scholars  in  department  No.  1 82 

"  "  "  "2 71 

"  "3 94 

"  «    4 120 

Total 367 

Average  attendance,  294. 

J.  A.  SEWALL,  Principal. 

Miss  BRADLEY'S  SELECT  SCHOOL. — Whole  number  of 
scholars,  40.  This  school  was  commenced  in  April,  1856, 
and  has  been  quite  prosperous  thus  far. 

One  or  two  other  select  schools  have  been  in  operation 
during  the  past  year,  but  are  now  discontinued. 


CHARACTER   OP   CITIZENS.  39 

Music  Teachers. 

J.  N.  Carlton Teacher  of  Vocal  Music. 

J.  J.  Doolittle 

Mrs.  C.  F.  Newell Teacher  of  Instrumental  Music. 

Mrs.  0.  E.  Jaynes 

Miss  Amelia  Ferris "  "  " 

Miss  F.  Cohen 

Miss  Sarah  A.  Fisher. ..          "  "  " 

Miss  W.Walker 

CHARACTER   OF   THE   CITIZENS. 

Most  of  the  inhabitants  of  PRINCETON  were  originally 
from  the  New  England  and  Middle  States,  (though  we 
have  a  "smart  sprinkling"  of  foreigners,  composed 
mostly  of  Swedes  and  Germans,  who  make  a  very  good 
class  of  citizens,)  and  are  therefore  characterized  by  that 
"  go-a-head-a-tiveness "  so  generally  possessed  by  -the 
people  of  those  States.  Not  only  are  they  enterprising, 
industrious  and  intelligent,  but  also  exhibit  a  high  de- 
gree of  refinement  which  makes  its  appearance  in  various 
forms.  Particular  attention  is  paid  to  the  cultivation  of 
the  science  of  music,  both  vocal  and  instrumental,  as  well 
as  the  more  common  branches  of  education.  Perhaps  we 
ought  to  dwell  more  particularly  on  the  subject  of  music 
as  we  mention  it  here,  inasmuch  as  such  a  high  degree  of 
musical  talent  is  exhibited  among  us.  We  suppose  it  is 
safe  to  say  that  there  is  not  another  place  of  the  same 
size  that  can  equal  PRINCETON  in  respect  to  musical  attain- 
ments. 

With  regard  to  the  morality  of  the  place,  we  would 
judge  that  it  is  quite  as  good  as  most  places  of  its  size, 
East  or  West ;  and  we  believe  it  is  generally  considered 
that  it  has  improved  in  this  respect  within  the  last  few 
years.  Still,  there  is  room  for  improvement.  Sic  passim. 


40  PRINCETON. 


The  town  of  PRINCETON  was  incorporated  March  13th, 
1838,  by  vote  of  the  citizens,  under  the  general  incorpo- 
ration law,  and  on  the  24th  of  March,  1838,  the  follow- 
ing persons  were  chosen  trustees  of  the  town  :  John 
Vaughn,  Stephen  Wilson,  Justin  H.  Olds,  William  0. 
Chamberlain,  and  John  Miller. 

The  subject  of  organizing  under  a  charter,  and  becom- 
ing incorporated  as  a  city,  is  now  being  agitated  somewhat, 
though  we  can  not  learn  that  any  thing  very  definite  has 
yet  been  done  in  regard  to  it.  * 

That  PRINCETON  will  eventually  become  a  large  inland 
city,  there  is  not  the  least  shadow  of  a  doubt.  Another 
railroad  is  in  contemplation  from  LaSalle  to  PRINCETON,  a 
charter  having  been  granted  for  the  same  at  the  last  ses- 
sion of  the  legislature.  Several  New  York  capitalists 
have  already  been  attracted  here,  and  one  farm  situated 
near  the  depot  has  been  purchased  with  a  view  of  laying 
it  out  into  town  lots  and  erecting  a  number  of  buildings 
thereon.  Nature  has  afforded  it  a  most  excellent  site 
for  a  large  town.  It  is  situated  on  a  somewhat  level 
plain,  yet  sufficiently  "high  and  dry,"  and  can  be  seen 
from  a  distance  of  many  miles.  The  surrounding  country 
is  acknowledged  to  be  one  of  the  finest  portions  of  the 
State,  having  no  superior.  The  prairie  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  PRINCETON  is  nearly  all  under  cultivation ;  and 
more  rich  and  easier  soil  to  till,  we  do  not  believe  can  be 
found.  Timber  is  plenty,  as  has  been  proved  by  our 
wood  statistics,  being  found  all  along  Bureau  creek  and 
other  streams,  and  here  and  there  many  a  large  grove  of 
good  timber  can  be  seen. 


*  Since  the  above  was  written,  we  learn  that  an  Act  has 
passed  the  Legislature,  extending  the  Corporation  limits,  and 
granting  a  Town  Charter,  which  provides  for  the  election  of  a 
Board  of  Councilmen  and  President ;  thus  giving  PRINCETON 
all  the  privileges  of  an  incorporated  City,  minus  the  name. 


METEOROLOGICAL   TABLES. 


41 


As  to  healthfulness  of  climate,  few  places  have  been 
more  highly  favored.  True,  there  is  occasionally  some 
sickness,  and  people  do  die  here — mirabile  dictu  I  But 
when  we  compare  the  mortality  of  the  place  with  eastern 
towns  of  the  same  size,  we  find  it  to  be  much  less. 

Here  we  will  insert  a  Meteorological  Table,  furnished  us 
by  our  citizen,  Mr.  N.  Matson,  which  perhaps  may  serve 
to  give  the  reader  some  idea  of  the  climate  in  this  region. 

METEOROLOGICAL,    TABLES    FOR    185O-1-2. 

TAKEN   MORNING   AND   NOON   OF   EACH   DAY. 
THE    FOLLOWING    IS    THE    MEAN    TEMPERATURE  : 


185O_ 

DEGREES 
&  HUND. 

DATS    OP 
RAIN. 

INCHES. 

DATS    OF 
8XOW. 

INCHES. 

25  25 

1 

l/ 

4 

gix 

30  50 

2 

\£ 

1 

P 

March 

34  50 

4 

2 

1 

11X 

April 

40  00 

g 

2M 

Mav 

57  50 

4 

is/ 

June       

71  00 

g 

3^ 

July 

78  00 

g 

C  I/ 

70  50 

10 

8>l 

September        «...  

60  00 

10 

2k- 

51  50 

5 

3 

44  00 

5 

SSX 

3 

V 

21  50 

2 

P 

4 

Ql£ 

Total  

68 

34 

13 

16% 

Average  Temperature  for  Seasons : — Winter,  29 . 00  deg. ;  Spring, 
43.16;  Summer,  73.00;  Autumn,  51.00. 
Average  Temperature  for  Year: — 48.75  deg. 
Greatest  Cokl :  January  4th — 12  deg.  below  zero. 
Greatest  H<>at :  July  10th — 101  deg.  above  zero. 


42 


PRINCETON. 


METEOROLOGICAL    TABLES. 


1851. 

DEGREES 

&  UUM). 

DATS  OF 
RAIN. 

INCHES. 

DATS  OF 
SNOW. 

INCHES. 

January  

29  00 

1 

y> 

2 

34  00 

9 

& 

2 

214 

March  

40  50 

4 

zy 

2 

April 

44  50 

7 

4?/ 

1 

4^x 

May  

61  00 

14 

11% 

66  50 

13 

73X 

July  

74  00 

14 

8K 

August    ...       .         ... 

69  00 

g 

4±x 

September 

68  00 

3 

2§ 

October  

66  50 

1 

SX 

*  * 

36  00 

4 

iy 

3 

3^ 

December  

21  50 

5 

& 

2 

T 

Total.  .  . 

83 

50% 

12 

103* 

Average  Temperature  for  Seasons:  Winter,  28.00  deg.;  Spring, 
48.33;  Summer,  70.00;  Autumn,  54.00. 
Average  Temperature  of  Year :    50 . 25  deg. 
Greatest  Cold:  December  15th — 15  deg.  below  zero. 
Greatest  Heat:  July  14th — 98  deg.  above  zero. 


185S. 

DEGREES 
&  HTJND. 

DATS  OF 
RAIN. 

INCHES. 

DATS  OF 
SNOW. 

INCHES. 

22  00 

3 

15^ 

9 

5 

34  00 

2 

IX 

2 

March. 

36  50 

7 

Ksx 

2 

2K 

April 

42  50 

10 

Oix 

3 

16 

May... 

59  00     ' 

10 

RlX 

68  00 

sy 

July  

75.00 

g 

isx 

August 

73  50 

2 

September  

65  50 

g 

55X 

October 

59  00 

10 

7ix 

November  

30  50 

5 

&. 

4 

11  >z 

December  

27.00 

4 

1 

4 

9>£ 

Total  

.   77 

37^ 

24 

44* 

Average  Temperature  for  Seasons:  Winter,  30.60  deg. ;  Spring, 
59.33;  Summer,  71.00;  Autumn,  38.66. 
Average  Temperature  of  Year :  49 . 75  deg. 
Greatest  Cold:  January  19th — 23  deg.  below  zero. 
Greatest  Heat:   August  30th — 98  deg.  above  zero. 

And  thus  we  have  a  hasty  glance  at  PRINCETON — its 
early  settlement,  and  present  business  advantages — yet 
here  is  room  for  more ;  and  there  is  a  future  prospect  I 


GENERAL   REMARKS.  43 

that  speaks  loudly,  inviting  the  enterprising  merchant,  the 
capitalist  and  manufacturer,  to  cast  in  his  lot  with  us. 
There  is  no  point  in  the  West  that  we  are  acquainted 
with  where  capital  could  be  invested  to  better  advantage 
in  manufactures  than  in  PRINCETON.  Machine  shops, 
plow  and  carriage  factories  are  very  much  needed,  and 
would  be  well  patronized.  A  large  number  of  carriages 
are  every  year  imported  from  the  East,  but  these  are 
generally  of  an  inferior  kind,  and  the  people  would  prefer 
a  home  manufactured  article ;  and  we  hope  soon  to  see  an 
extensive  factory  of  this  description  in  operation  here- 
Indeed,  nearly  all  kinds  of  (honest)  business  would  "pay" 
here,  if  prosecuted  judiciously  and  with  sufficient  energy. 

Then  to  the  honest  and  industrious  person,  whether  rich 
or  poor,  who  has  the  "  Western  fever"  we  say,  come  to 
this  bounteous  land  and  be  cured.  You  will  meet  with  a 
hearty  welcome,  and  find  a  home  in  a  community  where 
intelligence,  industry,  educational  and  religious  privileges 
are  not  wanting,  and  where  you  may  gain  a  share  of  its 
wealth  and  add  to  its  prosperity. 

Let  the  hardy  and  industrious  farmer  who  is  toiling  on 
the  rocks  and  hills  of  New  England,  endeavoring  to  obtain 
a  livelihood  from  a  seven-by-nine  patch  of  ground,  come 
to  the  Prairie  State  and  view  the  large  fields  of  waving 
grain,  dotted  here  and  there  with  comfortable  farm  houses, 
the  home  of  many  a  happy  farmer,  the  thriving  towns  and 
villages  springing  up  as  if  by  magic,  and  then  decide  to 
purchase  a  home  among  us.  Yes,  farmers  and  mechanics, 
merchants,  etc.,  come  to  the  lively  town  of  PRINCETON  and 
partake  with  us  of  the  spirit  of  enterprise  which  seems  to 
prevail  here ;  come  and  enjoy  the  privileges  which  have 
been  secured,  by  untiring  energy  and  perseverance,  during 
the  past  twenty-five  years,  and  help  us  to  roll  forward  the 
ball  of  improvement  and  progress. 


44 


TABLE   OF   DISTANCES. 


TABLE  OF  DISTANCES. 


(EAST— by  Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quincy  R.  R.  to  Chicago.) 

From  PRINCETON  to  MILES.         From  PRINCETON  to 

Maiden,  (Dover) 5  West  Aurora 

Arlington 12  Aurora    ...    

Mendota 21  Batavia 

Earlville  ......    32  Junction 

Waverly 38  Winfield 


MILES. 

. .  65 
..  66 
..  73 

..   79 

.   82 


Somonauk    45  Wheaton 84 

Newark f. .  : 48  Danby 86 

Piano     ' 52  i  Babcock's  Grove 89 

Bristol 58  Cottage  Hill 93 

Oswego 62  Oak  Ridge 101 

Montgomery 64  Chicago 109 


(WEST— by  Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quincy  R.  R.  to  Burlington.) 

From  PRINCETON  to  MILES.         From  PRINCETON  to  MILES. 

Wyanet 7  Wataga    51 

Buda 13  Galesburg 59 

Neponset 19  Cameron  68 

Kewanee 27  j  Monmouth 75 

Galva 35 1  Young  America    82 

Altona 43jOquawka  Junction   93 

Oneida (Burlington 101 


(WEST— by  Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quincy  R.  R.  to  Wyanet;  thence  to  Rock 
Island  by  Chicago  &  Rock  Island  R.  R.) 

From  PRINCETON  to  MILES.  '        From  PRINCETON  to 

Wyanet 7  Colona 

Sheffield 15  Moline 

Annawa 24 1  Rock  Island 

Geneseo 37 


MILES. 
..     48 

..   58 
.   61 


(SOUTH— by  stage  to  Bureau  Junction;  thence  by  Bureau  Valley  R.  R.  to 
Peoria.) 

From  PRINCETON  to  MILKS.  [        From  PRINCETON  to  MILES. 

Bureau  Junction 8 1  Chillicothe 36 

Snatchwine 16 

Henry 21 

Lacon  . .  .28 


Rome 39 

Mossville 45 

Peoria..  .   54 


of  gumut 


THE  first  settlement  in  this  county  was  made  by  Messrs. 
Bulbona  and  Henry  Thomas,  in  1828.  During  the  pre- 
ceding year,  Mr.  H.  Thomas  was  engaged,  with  others,  in 
surveying  a  stage  route  from  Peoria  to  Galena, — and 
while  thus  employed  he  made  a  claim  at  Bureau  Grove, 
where  he  moved  the  following  year.  Others  soon  fol- 
lowed, among  whom  were  Messrs.  Ezekiel  Thomas,  Abram 
Obrist,  Abram  Stratton,  Sylvester  Brigham  and  J.  G. 
Forestall.  Other  settlements  were  made  soon  after.  C. 
S.  Boyd,  located  at  Boyd's  Grove;  Joseph  Smith,  at 
"Dad  Joe's  Grove";  Jno.  Hall,  at  Hall's  Settlement ; 
Elijah  Epperson,  on  Bureau  creek ;  and  others  at  various 
places  in  the  county. 

The  first  Post  Office  in  the  county  was  established  at 
Bureau  Grove  in  1831,  and  Henry  Thomas  was  post 
master. 

This  county  was  a  part  of  Putnam  until  1837,  when 
an  act  was  approved  creating  Bureau  county.  It  being 
left  to  the  voters  of  the  county  to  decide  in  regard  to  its 
division,  there  was  witnessed  one  of  the  most  exciting 
elections  ever  held  in  this  county.  As  soon  as  the  result 
was  fully  known,  a  general  rejoicing  took  place,  and  the 
news  was  greeted  by  the  citizens  of  PRINCETON  with 
many  huzzas,  bonfires,  torch-light  processions,  etc. 

This  county  is  bounded  on  the  north  by  Whiteside  and 
Lee  counties ;  on  the  east  by  LaSalle  county  and  the  Illi- 


46 


BUREAU  COUNTY. 


nois  river,  and  Putnam  county  at  the  extreme  south-east 
corner ;  on  the  south  by  Putnam,  Marshall  and  Stark 
counties ;  and  on  the  west  by  Henry  county. 

The  county  seat  is  located  at  PRINCETON.  In  1845 
the  county  erected  a  good  substantial  brick  Court  House, 
at  a  cost  of  about  $9,000,  which  is  said  to  be  one  of  the 
best  court  houses  in  the  State. 


COTJRT 

A  new  Jail  was  completed  in  1856,  which  is  attached 
to  the  sheriff's  house.  The  whole  building  cost  about 
$10,500. 

When  the  first  settlers  came  to  this  county,  it  was 
necessary  for  them  to  bring  their  supplies  of  provisions,  or 
an  abundance  of  money  to  procure  them  with,  for  at  this 


HARDSHIPS  OF  EARLY  SETTLERS.  47 

time  provisions  were  exceedingly  high,  and  therefore  it 
was  with  great  courage  and  perseverance  that  the  first 
settlers  of  our  now  highly  cultivated  and  favored  county 
came  and  erected  dwellings,  and  remained  here  for  the 
first  few  years.  As  soon  as  they  could  begin  to  culti- 
vate the  rich  and  yielding  soil,  they  were  blessed  with 
abundant  harvests;  but  although  these  were  plentiful, 
markets  were  at  so  great  a  distance  (Chicago  being  the 
nearest,  over  one  hundred  miles)  that  the  price  of  pro- 
duce was  very  low ;  and  farmers,  for  several  years,  were 
obliged  to  carry  their  grain,  forty  bushels  at  a  load,  in 
wagons,  this  distance ;  and,  in  more  than  one  instance, 
finding  prices  so  low,  they  would  offer  their  entire  load 
to  produce  merchants  if  they  would  defray  their  expenses 
to  and  from  market !  Thus  it  is  seen  that  the  husband- 
man was  not  remunerated  for  his  toil.  And  while  produce 
was  bringing  so  low  a  market  price,  other  things  were  com- 
manding very  high  figures,  which  conspired  to  render  the 
times  very  dark  and  dreary. 

But  time  gradually  wore  away  this  state  of  things,  and 
about  the  year  1850  a  new  light  began  to  dawn  upon  the 
minds  of  those  who  had  "borne  the  toil  in  the  heat  of 
the  day.'-'  A  better  day  was  anticipated  with  no  little 
interest,  hope,  or  anxiety.  The  dark 'cloud  of  "hard 
times  "  began  to  be  dispelled  by  the  agitation  of  railroad 
projects  in  different  portions  of  the  State.  Truly  this 
event  ushered  in  bright  prospects  for  the  Prairie  State ; 
and  indeed  it  was  a  new  era  in  its  history. 

Produce  and  all  kinds  of  stock  at  this  time  were  in 
better  demand,  and  as  a  natural  consequence,  prices 
began  to  rise.  A  general  interest  was  excited  in  the  vast 
natural  resources  which  lay  buried  beneath  the  soil  of  the 
State ;  and  this  county,  in  common  with  others,  felt  these 
influences,  and  immigration  turned  to  the  rich  uncultivated 


48  BUREAU   COUNTY. 


prairies  of  Bureau  county.  Though  the  completion  of 
the  Illinois  and  Michigan  canal,  the  southern  terminus  of 
which  is  within  a  few  miles  of  this  county,  constituted  a 
favorable  change  in  creating  a  market  nearer  home,  yet  it 
has  been  superseded  by  the  railroad,  which  has  brought  a 
market,  as  it  were,  to  our  very  doors. 

In  respect  to  the  general  appearance  of  the  county, 
what  we  said  of  the  surrounding  country,  in  connection 
with  PRINCETON,  might  apply  well  to  the  county.  The 
soil  is  excellent — rich,  deep,  and  productive  ;  being  gen- 
erally well  watered,  and  well  adapted  for  all  kinds  of 
grain  and  other  agricultural  staples. 

In  the  western  portion  of  the  county  there  is  consider- 
able swamp  land,  a  portion  of  which,  however,  can  be 
made  available  for  agricultural  purposes.  If  we  are  cor- 
rectly informed,  the  proceeds  arising  from  the  sale  of  these 
lands,'  which  have  already  amounted  to  $118,000,  are  to 
be  used  for  schools  in  the  county,  which  will  make  a  valu- 
able accession  to  the  school  fund. 

The  principal  streams  in  the  county  are  Bureau  creek, 
East  and  West  Bureau  creeks,  and  Green  river ;  while 
on  the  south-east  we  have  the  Illinois  river  and  lake 
DuPu.  From  the  latter  a  goodly  quantity  of  fish  is  taken 
nearly  every  season. 

Wood  is  found  in  abundance  bordering  on  the  streams 
and  in  groves.  Any  amount  of  Coal  is  found  in  different 
parts  of  the  county,  particularly  at  Sheffield  and  Tiskilwa. 
From  the  former  place  it  is  shipped  by  railroad  to  Chicago 
and  other  places  daily.  The  value  of  the  products  of 
coal  mines  in  the  county,  in  1855,  was  about  $60,000. 
Now  it  is  much  greater. 

As  an  agricultural  county,  Bureau  is  not  excelled. 
Years  ago,  when  grain  was  carried  to  Chicago  by  the 
wagon  load,  produce  merchants  declared  that  the  best 


FRUIT,  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY,  ETC.  49 


grain  always  came  from  Bureau  county, — and  the  same 
can  now  be  safely  said.  For  further  proof  we  would  refer 
the  reader  to  the  remarks  of  the  deputy  commissioner,  in 
connection  with  the  census  of  the  county. 

Fruit  is  a  branch  of  agriculture  that  is  beginning  to 
command  attention.  Experience  has  proved  that  the  soil 
and  climate  are  well  adapted  to  raising  fruit ;  and  this  is, 
we  think,  soon  to  become  an  item  of  no  small  importance. 
The  Peach  tree  grows  thrifty,  but  is  not  a  regular  bearer. 
Plums,  Cherries  and  Pears  do  well,  but  Apples  do  the 
best,  and  are  a  superior  article.  Other  varieties  of  fruits 
also  flourish,  as  well  as  shrubs  and  ornamental  trees. 

An  Agricultural  Society  has  been  formed  about  two 
years,  and  is  in  a  prosperous  condition.  Last  year  the 
first  Annual  Fair  was  held,  and  about  $300  worth  of  pre- 
miums awarded.  We  trust  that  the  farmers  of  Bureau 
county  will  exert  themselves  to  the  utmost  in  sustaining 
this  society,  which  is  of  so  much  importance  to  them,  and 
thus  contribute  to  forward  their  own  interests  and  that  of 
the  county  generally. 

Besides  PRINCETON,  the  county  seat,  Sheffield,  Wyanet 
and  Tiskilwa  are  flourishing  villages,  and  we  think  that 
Buda,  Neponset  and  Maiden  are  worthy  of  notice.  The 
above,  with  Arlington  and  Trenton,  are  railroad  stations, 
and  some  of  them  bid  fair  to  become  places  of  no  small 
importance.  Lamoille,  Dover  and  Providence  are  older 
villages,  with  the  exception  of  Princeton  and  Tiskilwa, 
and  in  many  respects  are  pleasantly  located. 

We  now  have  eighty  miles  of  railroad  in  the  county, 
and  will  soon  have  many  more,  for  a  road  is  already  in 
contemplation  from  LaSalle  to  Princeton  ;  and  the  Joliet 
and  Albany  Railroad  via  Mendota  is  surveyed  to  enter  this 
county  near  Lamoille,  and  pass  through  that  village  and 
the  flourishing  township  of  Ohio. 
3 


50 


BUREAU  COUNTY. 


Below  we  give  a  table  of  educational  statistics  which 
we  copy  from  the  books  of  the  school  commissioner.  We 
designed  to  give  other  facts  showing  what  our  county  has 
done  in  the  way  of  sustaining  schools,  and  thus  forward- 
ing the  cause  of  education,  but  owing  to  the  illness  of  our 
school  commissioner  we  are  unable  to  obtain  the  requisite 
information. 

BIENNIAL    REPORT 

Of  School  Commissioner  of  Bureau  County,   1855—6. 


i 

r-j 

1 

C4 

8 

"3 

*3 

i 

ft 

1 

o 

i 

1 

j    | 

H 

TOWNSHIPS. 

| 

s 

0 

1 

| 

1 

« 

i 

I1 

1 

1 

£ 

1 

i 

1 

fc 

"s 

o 

« 

a 

1 

« 

ft 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

o 

K 

& 

n 

to 

m 

>g- 

R 

Milo  T.  14.    R.  8  E. 

9 

302 

152 

150 

400 

5 

4 

"    ....  pt,  "14,     '    9" 

6 

158 

80 

78 

260 

3 

Brawby.  ...    "15,    '    6  " 

12 

224 

125 

99 

207 

3 

9 

Macon  "15,     '    7  " 

8 

201 

5 

3 

Indian  town   "15,     '    8  " 

10 

260 

127 

133 

595 

3 

6 

Arispe  "15,     '    9" 

7 

260 

125 

135 

571 

5 

7 

Leepertown  "15,     '10" 
Mineral  ..."  16,   "    6  " 

2 

9 

60 
297 

35 
158 

25 

139 

104 
259 

2 

3 

2 

6 

Concord    ..    "16,   "    7" 

7 

432 

223 

209 

489 

4 

6 

Centre..    ..    "16,   "    8" 

8 

302 

137 

105 

603 

8 

Princeton..    "16,   "    9" 

33 

1,846 

918 

928 

1,637 

10 

23 

Selby  "16,   "10" 

7 

232 

129 

103 

693 

6 

8 

Hall  "16,   "  11  " 

5 

146 

66 

80 

329 

5 

5 

Gold  "17,     '    6" 

1 

15 

10 

6 

66 

1 

1 

Manlius    .  .    "  17,     '7  " 

3 

45 

27 

18 

132 

1 

2 

Bureau.    .      "17,     '    8" 

4 

76 

35 

40 

272 

3 

3 

Dover  .  ..."  17,     ;    9  " 

14 

581 

295 

286 

627 

6  | 

7 

Berlin  "17,     '10  " 

8 

168 

362 

Westfiel'd".  '.    "17,'     '11" 

5 

106 

60 

46 

203 

2 

Fairfield...    "18,     '    6" 

4 

35 

20 

15  i 

100 

3 

"i 

Greenville.    "18,     '    7" 

3 

76 

42  ! 

34 

359 

2 

2 

Walnut  ...    "18,    '    8  u 

6 

128 

67  i 

64 

170 

1 

6 

Ohio  "18,    '    9" 

14 

414 

222  ; 

192 

344 

5 

9 

Lamoille  .  .    "  18,     '  10  " 

5 

211 

106 

105 

453 

2 

3 

Clarion....    "18,    '  11  " 

7 

219 

109 

110 

435 

5 

10 

Total  .  . 

197 

6,793 

3,268 

3,099 

9,570 

92 

133 

CENSUS   OF   THE   COUNTY. 


51 


CENSUS  OP  BUREAU  COUNTY,  July,  1855. 


TOWKSHIP8 


Clarion  . . 
Westfield. 

Hall 

Lamoille  . 
Berlin  . . . 
Selby  .... 
Leeperto'n 

Ohio 

Dover 

Prince'n ) 
towns'ip j 
Prince'n ) 
corpor'n  j 
Arispie .. . 
Walnut . . 
Bureau  . .  j 
Centre...      192 
Indiant'n      209 

Milo 

Greenville  • 
Manlius..: 
Concord . . ! 
Macon  . . .  ! 
Fairfleld. .  | 
Gould....j 
Mineral . . ! 
Brawby 


90 
GO 
235 
43 
73 
21 
95 
70 


Total  ..i2,689 


10,682 


458 


107 


159 

176  ......  $55,965 


169  ...... 

208  ......  j 

206  ...... 


67,635 
71,350 
78,090 


204  $45,000!   75,050 


95  i  30,000 
151 

254 


244 


40,000 


520  70,700 

269 1  81,190 

64| 

93  500 

182  900 

176  4,390 

201  100 


120 
97 


14,065 
58,595 
86,350 

90,045 

15,250 

81,190 
20,070 
44,626 
63,950 
62,247 
79,114 
26,805 
30,015 
75,340 


31.560 
11,110 

42,860 


208 
70 

2,769 
418 

'"56 
1,995 
1,904 


1,858 

80 

742 

779 

356 

41,78 
299 

1,115 

1,715 

"556 
50 


8,778 !  19,260  14,223  272,780  1,225,052 !  20,007  i  83 


4,395 


Remarks. — At  the  solicitation  of  several  farmers,  I  have  taken 
the  value  of  the  products  of  Princeton  township,  which  is 
$140,950.  Eleven  other  townships  will  figure  as  high,  and 
twelve  will  average  $70,000,  which  would  make  the  sum  of 
$2,531,400. 

When  we  consider  that  there  is  not  over  one  acre  in  twenty  of 
the  tillable  land  of  the  county  under  cultivation,  we  are  inclined 
to  believe  that  Bureau  county  cannot  be  excelled.  If  all  the 
land  in  the  county  was  under  cultivation  and  produced  no  more 
than  the  crop  of  1854,  the  result  would  be  over  $50,000,000. 
Then  add  to  that  the  value  of  live  stock— about  $1,300,000,  sup- 
posing that  would  increase  in  the  same  ratio — it  would  make 
upward  of  $26,000,000  more,  which  would  make  the  enormous 
sum  of  $76,000,000. 

The  population  of  Sheffield  is  included  in  that  of  Concord 
township,  580;  Dover,  270;  Lamoille,  212. 

The  census  of  Bureau  cotfnty  in  1850  was  8,841,  showing  an 
increase  of  10,319. 

JAMES  CORBETT,  Dep.  Com. 


It  will  be  observed  that  the  above  census  was  taken  two 
years  ago.  If  we  add  the  increase,  based  upon  the  same 
ratio  as  the  increase  from  1850  to  1855,  we  now  have  a 
population  of  more  than  23,000,  which  is  not  far  from 
correct. 

In  regard  to  the  "products  of  manufactures,"  we  are 
informed  by  the  deputy  commissioner  that,  in  making  out 
his  list,  the  manufacture  of  brick  was  accidentally  omitted 
from  the  figures  relating  to  PRINCETON.  Since  then,  also, 
PRINCETON  has  had  large  additions  in  various  branches  of 
manufactures,  which  will  make  these  figures  more  than 
five  times  as  large,  thus  making  a  material  difference. 


OFFICIAL    STATEMENT 

Of  the  Amount  of  Taxes  levied  in  the  County  of  Bureau, 
for  the  year  1856,  for  State,  County,  Town,  Road  and 
School  Purposes,  &XJ. 

State  tax $34,645  90 

County  tax 20,681   11 

Town  tax 2,69316 

Township  school  tax 9,784  60 

District  school  tax 24,061  98 

Road  and  bridge  tax 1,557  63 

District  road  tax 2,409  92 

Corporation  tax 2,237  85 

Total  amount  $98,072  15 


Of  this  amount  the  twenty-four  townships  in  the  county  raise 
the  following  proportions  : 

Brawby ...  $1,593  60 

Mineral 2,083  22* 

Gold 1,202  86 

Fairfield    1,663  30 

Macon 2,488  85 

Concord 3,850  45 

Manlius 2,517  89 

Greenville 1,901  09 

Milo 4,193  29 

Indiantown 4,38516 

Centre 4,238  52 

Bureau    3,585  29 

Walnut 1,802  87 


$2  806  1  7 

Princeton  .  . 

11  730  01 

Dover  . 

3  325  81 

Ohio  

3  389  07 

Leepertown  

887  02 

Selby  
Berlin   

4,040  14 
4  949  55 

Lamoille  

3  970  54 

Hall  

2  962  60 

Westfield  

3  006  03 

Clarion  

3  895  46 

Total  for  townships, 

$80,468  79 

NAMES   OF   POST   OFFICES. 


53 


Chicago,  Burlington  and  Quincy  Railroad $8,888  10 

Chicago  and  Rock  Island  Railroad 7,976  13 

Peoria  and  Bureau  Valley  Railroad 739  13 

Total  for  railroads $17,603  36 


Total  amount  of  taxes  raised  for  school  purposes — 

Raised  by  towns  and  railroads $33,846  58 

20  per  cent  of  State  tax 6,929  1 8 

$40,775  76 


Total  valuation  of  taxable  property,  $5,185,4.22. 


LIST    OF    THE    POST    OFFICES 

IN    BUREAU    COUNTY. 


Arispe. 

Arlington. 

Buda. 

Dover. 

Enon. 

Hollowayville. 

Lamoille. 

Limerick. 

Leepertown. 

Maiden. 

Milo. 

Macon. 


New  Bedford. 

Neponset. 

Ohio. 

Princeton. 

Providence. 

Selby  Station. 

Sheffield. 

Tiskilwa. 

Traxton. 

Wyanet. 

Walnut. 

Yorktown. 


BUSINESS  DmECTORY, 


STEVENS  &  McCONIHES, 


GROCERIES,  HARDWARE,  QUEENSWARE, 

HATS,   CAPS, 


PRODUCE,    ETC. 

THE    BEST    QUALITY     OF 

AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS 

CONSTANTLY  ON  HAND  AND  FOR  SALE. 

• M  ••  M 

THE    HIGHEST    MARKET    PRICE    PAID    FOR 


AND   FOE   GOOD  WOOL. 


JUSTUS   STEVENS, 
L.    H.    MCCONIHE, 

j.  M.  MCCONIHE. 


PRINCETON,  ILL. 


NEW   ORDER   OF   THINGS! 


WILLIAM  CARSE, 

DESPECTFULL  Y  announces  to  the  people  of  Bureau  County, 
II  that  he  has  BEGUN  BUSINESS  ANEW,  and  is  now 
opening  his 

ENTIRE    NEW    STOCK, 

Just  received  from  New  York,  embracing  a  splendid 
assortment  of 

STAPLE  &  JAM  DRY  GOODS, 

GENTLEMEN'S  FURNISHING  GOODS, 
READY-MADE  CLOTHING, 

And  a  large  assortment  of 

BOOTS  &  SHOES,   HATS  &  CAPS, 
GROCERIES,  HARDWARE, 

A  large  lot  of  Table  Cutlery,  Crockery  and  Glass  Ware, 

of  all  sorts.      WOODEN  WARE—  Pails,  Tubs,  Brooms,  Bas- 
kets, &c.     Also,  a  general  assortment  of 

School  Books,  Stationery,  &c. 


In  changing  and  extending  my  business,  I  respectfully  ask  the 
attention  of  my  old  friends  and  the  public  generally,  to  my 
NEW  STOCK,  believing  that  I  can  offer  real  inducements  to 
Cash  purchasers.  I  have  adopted  the  CASH  system  as  being  the 
best  for  both  Buyer  and  Seller,  and  intend  to  demonstrate  that 
Goods  for  CASH  can  and  shall  be  sold  twenty  per  cent,  lower  than 
by  any  credit  establishment  in  the  State. 

All  kinds  of  Country  Produce  taken  in  exchange 
for  Goods. 

The  highest  cash  price  paid  for  all  kinds  of  Produce  —  Wheat, 
Corn,  Pork,  &c. 

Call  and  see  me  before  purchasing  or  selling  elsewhere. 
Princeton,  Illinois. 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


D.   G.   SALISBURY, 

Wfyokmk  anb  Detail  gcakr  in 
STAPLE    AND    FANCY 

</ 

ALSO, 

READY-MADE  CLOTHING, 

Ladies'  Boots  &  Shoes,  Millinery  Goods  and  Carpets, 

JUegf  $ide  of  MOT  Sfreef, 

TWO   DOORS    SOUTH   OP   DR.   WINTER'S   DRUG   STORE, 

PRINCETON,  ILLINOIS. 

March,  1857. 

H.  J.  EVERETT  &  CO. 

DEALERS    IN 


GROCERIES,  CLOTHING, 


Boots,  Shoes,  Hats,  Caps, 
&c.,  &c.,  &c., 


Jflahi  Street, 

PRINCETON,    ILL. 
All  kinds  of  PRODUCE  Wanted. 


58* 


58 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


RAWSON  BROTHERS, 

Dealers  in 


GROCERIES, 

BOOT! 


ETC.,  ETC.,  ETC., 
IN  THE   AMERICAN   HOUSE   BUILDING, 


BUREAU     COUNTY,     ILLINOIS 


FARMERS'  AND  CITIZENS'  STORE!! 

J.  RIALE   &  SON, 

Have  just  opened  A  NEW  STORE  at  the  Depot,  where  they 
are  offering  for  sale  a  well-selected  stock  of 

i  t  iiiiiiii, 

HARDWARE  &  QUEENSWARE, 

READY-MADE  CLOTHING, 

HATS  &  OAPS,   BOOTS  &  SHOES, 
&c.,  &c. 

ALSO,     DEALERS     IN     ALL     KINDS     OP 


PRINCETON, 


ILLINOIS. 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY. 


59 


66 


MRS.  JANE  F.  HALE, 


FANCY  AND  STAPLE  GOODS : 

JUD80N  &  HUNGER'S,    CHICKERING'S,    LADD  &  CO.'S,    HALLET 

&  DAVIS'      J.  L.  FISCHER'S,    BOARDMAN  & 

GREY'S,  and  other 


CELEBRATED  PIANO  FORTES 

AND   ALSO, 

SEEAPHINES,  MELODEONS  &!GUITARS. 

The  above  Pianos  furnished  at  factory  prices,  with  only  freight 
added,  low  for  cash  or  good  paper.  Each  of  the  above  instru- 
ments warranted  to  give  satisfaction,  or  NO  SALE. 

STREET* 


J.  S.  MULLINER, 


Clothing  made  to  order,  and  every  article  necessary  to  a  complete 
Furnishing  Store  for  Gentlemen,  constantly  dn  hand,  and  for  sale  at  mode- 
rate prices.  All  work  warranted. 


60 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY. 


BUREAU  COUNTY  BANK, 

KELSEY,  WALLER  &  CO. 
Collections  made,  and  promptly  remitted. 


On  New  York,  Boston,  Philadelphia,  St.  Louis,  Chicago. 

~i  li^rf^    rtii     r  net \QV\C\     Tt*/'ioiftH    ^ifm     ^/^^il^nn 
cy)<jJJ£>   Uif    ft'iyM'!^)  e'^M'l"   ^'f^    PvVJ«|lfV, 

And  on  Continental  Europe,  in  sums  to  suit  purchasers. 

GOLD  AND  SILVER  BOUGHT  AND  SOLD. 

DRAFTS  and  CERTIFICATES  OF  DEPOSIT  cashed 
at  best  rates. 

Money  received  on  deposit,  and  interest  allowed  thereon  by 
special  agreement. 

Banking  hours  from  9  A.  M.  to  4  P.  M. 


C.    L.   KELSEY. 


F.   W.   WALLER. 


J.    I/.    KELSEY. 


HULBURD,   SHARP  &  CO. 


PRINCETON,  BUREAU  COUNTY,  ILL. 


Gold  and  Silver  Exchanged,  and  Uncurrent 
Money  Bought  and  Sold, 

We  are  at  all  times  ready  to  sell  SIGHT  DRAFTS  on 
New  York  and  Chicago,  in  sums  to  suit  purchasers. 

Deposits,  of  any  amount,  from  one  dollar  upwards,  received. 
Interest  allowed  on  special  deposits. 

Collections  made  in  our  vicinity,  at  current  rates  of  exchange, 
and  remitted  promptly. 


JOHN  THOMPSON,        Banker,  ........  New  York. 

F.  G.  ADAMS,  "       ........  Chicago. 

JOHN  WOOLLEY,  "       ........  Indianapolis. 

PRESTON,  BONUS  &  .Co.,  "       ........  Kewanee. 

CULVER  &  Co.,  "       ........  Chicago. 


<T? 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


61 


PEOPLE'S  DRUG  STORE. 

BODLEY  &  WILSON, 

aitir 


Dealers  in  Paints,    Oils,   Varnishes,    Camphene, 
Turpentine,  Brushes,    Cigars  and  Fancy  Articles  ; 
all  of   the  popular  Patent  Medicines   of  the   day. 
Proprietors    of    DR.    BODLEY'S    FEVER    AND 
AGUE  BALSAM,  which  is  unequalled  as  a  cure 
for  all  Fevers  of  an  Intermittent  character.     Garden,  Field  and 
Flower  SEEDS,  constantly  on  hand.     Agents  for  CLARK'S 
FEMALE  PILLS. 
Princeton,  Illinois. 


A.    R.    BODLEY,   M.  D. 


H.   WILSON. 


Dr.  BODLEY  will  attend  to  calls  in  his  profession.     Office  at  the 
Drug  Store. 


W.  H.  WINTER, 

PRINCETON,  ILLINOIS, 

HAS   A   LARGE   AND   COMPLETE   STOCK   OF 

DRUGS, 


POINTS, 

And   all   other  articles   in  his   line,   which   he   will   sell   right 


62 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


P.    F.   PACKARD, 

i 


HAS  FOR  SALE  A  LARGE  ASSORTMENT  OF  BEST  QUALITY 

§upk,  fete,  ^ntjjor  #  f  qpt  SSattjjts, 

IN  GOLD  AND  SILVER  CASES. 

Fine  gold  Lockets,  Seals,  Keys,  &c. ;  fine  gold  Guard,  Vest  and 
Fob  Chains ;  Cameo,  Mosaic  and  plain  gold  Pins  and  Ear 
Rings  of  the  latest  style ;  Locket,  Seal  and  other  kinds  of 
Finger  Rings  ;  Gent's  Pins,  Studs,  Sleeve  Buttons,  &c. ; 
Gold  Pens,  with  gold  and  silver  cases ;  gold  and  silver 
Pencil  Cases  ;  gold,  silver  and  blue  steel  Spectacles, 
with  glass  of  all  kinds  to  suit  different  persons  ;  sil- 
ver and  plated  tea,  table  and  desert  Spoons,  su- 
gar Shovels,  Cream  Ladles,  Forks,  Fruit  and 
Butter  Knives,  plated  Tea-Services,  Cake 
Baskets,  Castors,  Cups,  &c.;  eight  day  and 
thirty  hour  Clocks  and  time  pieces;  hair, 
nail  and  tooth  Brushes,  Combs,  &c. 
Silver,  German  silver  and  plated 
Thimbles,  Scissors,  Work-boxes, 
Dressing-cases,  portmonies,  &c. 

These  goods  are  bought  of  the  eastern  manufacturers  at  low 
prices  and  will  be  sold  very  cheap  for  cash,  and  warranted  as 
represented. 

Watches,  Clocks  and    Jewelry  Repaired 

In  a  superior  manner  by  good  workmen,  and  warranted. 


1 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


63 


A.  S.  &  E.  C.  CHAPMAN, 


GENERAL    DEALERS    IN 


CHAIN  and  SUCTION  PUMPS, 

HEAVY  AND  SHELF 


TIN,  COPPER  &  SHEET-IRON  WARE, 

Kept  on  hand  and  made  to  order. 

Two  doors  North  of  the  American  House  Buildings, 

3^C^.I3ST    STREET, 
PRINCETON, ILLINOIS. 


64 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY. 


JACOBS   &   WHITE, 

Pminfaeiurcrs  of 


SHEET-IRON, 


MAIN  ST.,  PRINCETON,  ILL. 

All  Jobs  appertaining  to  the  STOVE,  TIN,  COPPER  and 
SHEET-IRON  business  done  with  neatness  and  despatch. 

Particular  attention  paid  to  TIN  ROOFING  and  SPOUTING. 

Old  Brass,  Copper,  Iron  and  Rags  taken  in  exchange  for 
Goods. 

PRINCETOFFODNDRfT 


MILLER  &  CHRITZMAN, 

PRINCETON,  ILL. 

Panufattnrers  of  all  kitvos  of 

ORNAMENTAL  RAILINGS 


BAM  iil  I) 


S  -A.  S  H    "WE  I  OH  T  S  , 

AND  ALL,  KINDS  OF  CASTINGS  FOB  BUILDINGS, 

STOVES  OF  ALL  KINDS,  SLEIGH  SHOES,  &c. 

Repairing  of  all  kinds  of  Machinery  promptly  attended  to. 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY. 


65 


Baltimore  Clothing  House. 


WOLF,  BERGMAN  <fc  Co. 

Keep  constantly  on  hand,  at  Wholesale  and 
Retail, 


A  LAEfiE  AND  WEIL  ASSORTED  STOCK  OF 


AND 


GENTLEMEN'S  FURNISHING  GOODS, 

Main  Street,  near  American  House  Block, 

PRINCETON,    ILL. 


EAGLE  CLOTHING  STORE. 

DERNHAM   &   ROSENSTRAUS 

Have  just  opened  a  Splendid  and  well  selected  Stock  of 

READY-MADE  CLOTHING, 

Gents'  Furnishing  Goods, 

O.AJPS3 


THE  CHEAPEST  UMBRELLAS,  CARPET-BAGS  AND  TRUNKS 

To  be  had  in  this  section  of  country. 

The  above  mentioned  Goods  will  be  sold  cheaper  than  in  any 
Store  in  the  State  of  Illinois.  The  Goods  are  cut  and  made  after  the  latest 
fashion  and  in  a  superior  manner.  We  will  clothe  a  man  from  TOP  TO 
TOE  FOR  A  FIVE  DOLLAR  BILL,  and  give  him  some  change  back. 

[£7"  Garments  made  to  order  and  warranted  to  give  satisfaction. 

Store  East  side  of  Main,  SI.,  Princeton,  III. 

N.  B.  We  also  have  a  Clothing  Store  and  Tailor  Shop  in  the  flourishing 
village  of  Wyanet,  in  this  county. 

3* 


66 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY. 


J.  WALTER  &  CO. 

S  ANI  MULtll 


n 


HATS,  CAPS,  &c. 


West  Side  of  Main  Street,  Three  Doors  South  of 
Dr.  Winter's  Dni£  Store, 


PRINCETON, 


ILLINOIS. 


MORRISON  &  FISHER, 


n 


Groceries  and  Provisions, 

FLOUR,    FEED,    &c. 


PLOWS,   &c. 

One  Door  South  of  Winter's  Drug   Store, 
Main  Street, 


B,  The  Hi-liest  Market  Price  Paid  for  all  kinds  of  Produce. 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY.  67 

MILTON    T.   PETERS.  ROBERT   FARWELL. 

PETERS  &  FARWELL, 


OFFICE,  UP  STAIRS  IN  NEW  MERCANTILE  BLOCK, 
JfT^ll^r  STIIEET, 

NEARLY   OPPOSITE   THE   AMERICAN   HOUSE, 

PRINCETON,       BUREAU   COUNTY,       ILLINOIS. 


IDE, 


PRINCETON,  BUREAU  CO.,  ILJU, 

Will  practice  in  the  Circuit  and  County  Courts  of  Bureau 
County,  and  the  several  Courts  of  this  State.  Will  give  strict 
attention  to  the  Collection  of  Claims,  the  Investigation  of  Land 
Titles,  and  to  Legal  business  generally.  Office  in  Court  House. 

MILO   KENDALL.  GEORGE   O.    IDE. 

JOHJST       ~ 


aui,       i{ti[n 

-  ID      Xj  ^V  1ST  ID      ^V  C3r  33  IW  T  7 
PRINCETON,  BUREAU  CO.,  ILL., 
Office,  North  side  of  Public  Square,  fronting  Court  House, 

Will  give  prompt  attention  to  all  legal  business  intrusted  to  his 
care,  in  Common  Law  or  Chancery  ;  to  the  purchase  and  sale  of  Lands  in 
Illinois,  Missouri,  Kansas  and  Iowa;  to  investigation  of  Military  Bounty 
Land  Claims  in  the  Military  District  in  Illinois,  Missouri  or  Arkansas,  as  well 
as  other  titles  ;  to  Claims  in  the  War  Department,  and  elsewhere,  &c.,  &c. 

CHARLES  J.  PECKHAM, 

fflORIEl  IT  LAW, 

OFFICE  IN  THE  COURT  HOUSE, 

ILLI3STOIS. 


W.        MASTERS' 


WORTH  SIDE  OF  THE  PUBLIC  SQUARE, 

TWO   DOORS   WEST    OP   MAIN   STREET. 


PEARL  WHITE  AMBROTYPES, 
COMMON  AMBROTYPES, 
STEREOSCOPIC  AMBROTYPES, 
AMBROGRAPHS, 
DAGUERREOTYPES, 

And  everything  else  new  and  beautiful  in  the  Art,  may  be  found 
at  this  Gallery. 


LIKENESSES 

Taken  in  all  kinds  of  weather,  and  put  up  in  the  very  best 
manner,  and  at  reasonable  prices. 

A  good  assortment  of  plain  and  fancy  CASES  constantly  on 
hand,  and  fitted  to  order. 

Pictures  fitted  to  Lockets,  Pins,  &c.,  with  neatness  and  dispatch. 

INSTRUCTIONS  given  in  all  branches  of  the  Art,  and 
Apparatus  furnished,  upon  reasonable  terms. 

C^"  A  superior  article  of  COLLODION  furnished  to  neigh- 
boring operators. 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY. 


69 


W.   C.   ANTHONY,  M.D. 


OFFICE  AND  RESIDENCE,  OPPOSITE  THE  JAIL, 
PRINCETON,  ILLINOIS. 


PHYSICIAN    AND    SURGEON, 

PRINCETON,  ILL. 


A.   E.   GRIFFITHS,    M.D. 
PHYSICIAN  &  SURGEON, 

Late  LAZARETTO  PHYSICIAN  for  the  Port  of  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,— ASSISTANT  SURGEON  U.  S.  Navy,— Mem- 
ber of  the  Medical  Society  of  the  State  of 

Delaware,  &c.,  &c. 

Residence  and  Office,  Third  Avenue,  Church  Street,  3d  house 
South  of  the  Baptist  Church,  East  side,  Princeton,  111. 
Calls  attended  to  both  night  and  day. 

J.  W.  HARWOOD  &  GO. 


EXCLUSIVELY, 
West  Side  of  Main  Street,  Princeton. 


P.  FAGERCRANTZ, 


DEALER  IN 


CLOCKS    AND    JEWELRY, 

MAIN    STREET,       -----       PRINCETON,    ILL. 
Repairing-  J\"eatly  Done  and  Warranted. 

PRIESTLEY  &  CARPENTER, 

DEALERS  IN 

Lumber,  Lath,  Shingles,  Pickets, 

DOORS,    SASH,    &C. 

Opposite  the  Depot, Princeton,  Illinois. 

ORDERS  PROMPTLY  ATTENDED  TO. 

C.   M.   PRIESTLEY.  J.    I.    CARPENTER. 


J.  FETROW  &  CO. 

DEALERS    IN  ' 

T  •TTTVTT 


DOORS    AND    BLINDS, 

A  few  Rods  South  of  the  Depot,  -    -    -    -    Princeton,  DL 


The  undersigned  are  prepared,  at  the  old  stand  of  Robinson  & 
Jones,  to  furnish  the  public  with  a  variety  of  Choice  Meats, 
such  as  Beef,  Pork,  Mutton,  Veal,  Poultry,  &c. 

COLLETT  &  JONES. 


highest  price  paid,  in  cash,  for  good  Fat  Cattle,  Hogs, 
Sheep,  Calves  and  Poultry. 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY. 


71 


P.  W.  &  F.  B.  FERRIS, 


OFFICE   OVER    D.    G.   SALISBURY'S    STORE, 
PRINCETON,       -        -       -       ILLINOIS. 

N.  B.    "Work  in  EVERY  BRANCH  of  DENTISTRY  carefully  and 

thoroughly  executed  according  to  the  latest  and  most 

approved  principles  of  the  ART. 


D.    BRAINARD, 


Is  prepared  with  all  the  latest  improvements  to  do  all  kinds  of  work  in  his 

line ;  cleaning,  extracting  and  filling  or  setting  Artificial  Teeth 

on  fine  Gold  Plate,  from  one  to  an  entire  set,  in  a 

neat  and  durable  style. 

Office  over  A.  &  M.  Carse's  Store,  Main  St.,  Princeton,  HI. 

All  business  promptly  attended  to  in  the  most  approved  and  acceptable 
manner. 


Wm.  McKEE,   Proprietor. 


gt,  te  gqmnp 


D|  flam  gt 


A  good  Stable  is  attached  to  this  House,  and  travelers' 
teams  will  be  well  provided  for. 


GEORGE  W.  HATCH 

HHAKES  this  opportunity  of  announcing  to  the  public,  that  he  is 
JL  now  erecting  a  large  and  commodious  brick  building  for  the 
business  of  Tanning,  exclusively  by 

HIS  NEW  AND   VALUABLE  PROCESS   OF 


to  fyift)  in  Septet,  1856. 


This  system  of  Tanning  is  purely  vegetable.  His  patented 
principle  is  not  chemical;  it  has  these  characteristic  features, 
namely  :  It  is  a  great  preservative  ;  is  inexhaustible  ;  is  very 
penetrative  ;  it  costs  nothing  ;  it  enables  the  Tanner  to  turn  his 
capital  four  or  five  times,  to  once  in  the  usual  way  ;  and  to  make 
better  Leather,  without  additional  cost,  than  by  the  usual  mode 
of  tanning  with  bark.  Not  only  so,  but  it  also  enables  him  to 
use  Terra  Japonica,  or  any  other  vegetable  tannins,  with  good 
success  and  like  results.  Your  advertiser  is  doing  all  his  Tan- 
ning here  without  the  aid  of  bark. 

He  will  sell  RIGHTS  OF  TERRITORY,  at  wholesale  to 
speculators,  or  retail  for  local  business,  at  very  reasonable  rates. 
He  will  usually  be  found  at  his  "  Excelsior  Tannery,"  or,  when 
absent,  a  competent  agent  will  be  left  in  his  place. 

He  designs  keeping  constantly  on  hand  all  kinds  of 


J3UCH   AS 


Sole,  Harness,  Belt  &  Whang  Leather, 
FINDINGS,  &c., 

Which  he  will  sell  as  cheap  as  any  house  in  the  West. 


We  will  pay  the  highest  market  price  in  cash  for  Hides. 
All  orders,  accompanied  by  cash  or  Hides,  promptly  answered. 
Our  terms  with  all  are,  "  Pay  down  ! !  and  sell  cheap  ! ! !" 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


73 


ISAAC   B.   SMITH, 


BOOKS,  PAMPHLETS,  MAPS,  DIRECTORIES,  &c, 

PUBLISHED  ON  SHORT  NOTICE. 
ORDERS  FROM  ABROAD  PROMPTLY  ATTENDED  TO. 


VxA*M\9 


JOSEPH  S.  WILLIAMS, 


©ffiee  in  Ultrcaniile  Slock,  (%  Stairs,) 


PRINCETON,    BUREAU  COUNTY,    ILLINOIS. 


A.   WHITMARSH, 


PRINCETON,    -    -    -    ILLINOIS. 


An  experience  of  many  years  in  the  above  business,  in  all  its 
details,  both  at  the  East  and  in  the  West,  enables  me  to  under- 
stand the  wants  of  builders,  and  give  satisfaction  to  any  who 
may  entrust  business  in  my  hands. 

Orders  for  Drafting,  by  mail,  faithfully  attended  to,  and  Plans, 
Estimates,  frc.  furnished. 
4 


74 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


SOMETHING  NEW  AND  VALUABLE! 


SPAULDING'S 


The  undersigned  are  now  prepared  to  contract  for  building  the 
above  named  newly  invented 

ELASTIC,  EXPANSIVE  AND  CONTRACTIVE 

WIKE  FEMCE,       ' 

which,  for  durability,  utility  and  economy,  is  acknowledged  to  be 
superior  to  any  other  now  in  use.  Instead  of  the  Key  and  Lever, 
which  is  awkward  in  appearance  and  constantly  liable  to  get  out 
of  repair,  we  use  a  Spring,  which  answers  every  purpose,  and 
gives  far  greater  satisfaction. 


Cedar  Posts,  Five  Wires,  per  rod,  ..................  80  Cents. 

"  Four      "  "        .................  70     " 

Three    "  "        ..................  62     " 


This  may  Certify,  That  I  have  on  my  farm,  near  Princeton,  fifty  rods 
of  Burk's  Wire  Fence,  and  590  rods  of  Spaulding's  Improved  Win  Fence  ; 
and  I  find  the  latter  to  be  decidedly  preferable  to  any  other. 

HARRY  FIELD. 

This  is  to  Certify,  That  we,  the  undersigned,  farmers  of  Bureau  County, 
have  had  an  opportunity  of  thoroughly  testing  the  new  Improved  Wire 
Fence,  manufactured  by  Spaulding  &  Smith,  and  we  heartily  concur  in  the 
above  testimony  of  Mr.  -Field. 

E.  REASONER,      J.  V.  COTRELL, 

H.  V.  BACON,       M.  BURNHAM, 

H.  C.  REASONER,    GEORGE  R.  PHELPS. 


Orders  promptly  attended  to. 

SPAULDING  &  SMITH, 

Princeton,  Bureau  Co.,  111. 


GILBERT   II.   SPAULDING. 


LUCIEN   F.    SMITH. 


BUSINESS    DIRECTORY. 


75 


S.  D,  HINSDALE, 

GUNSMITH 


PRINCETON,    MX*---*--  ILLINOIS. 

CONSTANTLY   ON   HAND   AND   FOR   SALE, 

BOBBLE  BAEHEL  SHOT  SONS 

:F:RO:M:  $a  TO  $so. 

Rifles  made  to  order.    Stencil  Plates  and  Brands  cut.   'Repairing  done  on 
short  notice. 


S.  J.  LINDBARG, 


Shop  in  the  rear  of  Wester'*  Store, 
PRINCETON,  ILL. 


All  kinds  of  Repairing  and  Job  Work,  in  my  line,  done  to  order. 


AND 


toteale  anfc  lelail 

6  ^ 

E,  M.  GARDINER, 


MAIN  STREET,  PBIITCETON, 


y(Mi 


Which  will  be  sold  low  for  Cash,  or  good  Notes  on  short  time. 
Q^"  Everything  in  his  line  constantly  on  hand. 


76 


BUSINESS    DIRECTORY. 


JAMES    T.    STEVENS 

Keeps  constantly  on  hand  all  kinds  of  Furniture,  which  he  will 

sell  a  little  cheaper  than  any  one  else  in  Bureau  county. 

His  Stock  is  very  large  and  complete ;  he  buys  directly  of 

the  manufacturers  in  the  Eastern  cities,  and  will 

warrant  every  article  to  be  just  as  represented; 

keeps  always  on  hand  a  large  assortment  of 

,  Bmmuz, 

LOUNGES,  SINKS,  CUPBOARDS, 

WARDROBES, 


Of  eyery  descriptiom.    Also,  has  more  • 

Than  all  the  rest  of  Bureau  county,  and  a  very  large  assortment  of 

UPHOLSTERED    WORK, 
So&s,  Eockers,  Diians,  Tcte-a-Tctes  and  Chirs  in  Sets-Mahogany  &  Rosewood, 

AXD  A  SPLEN'BID  ARTICLE  OF 


Manufactured  under  his  own  direction. 
GIVE  HIM  A  CALL  AND   EXAMINE   FOR  YOURSELVES. 

Also,  CHICKERLWS  PI1508,  the  best  Instrument  mannfartored  in  Amenta. 

Opposite  New  Mercantile  Block,  Main  St.,  Princeton. 


BUSIXES3    DIRECTORY. 


77 


uprnr  up  Tornr 

m 


AT  THE  YOFXG  COLUMBUS, 

No.  3  Columbus  Street,    -    -   Princeton. 


LEYISEE  &  DAYIS, 

JJlsratfottnrtrs  of 


Offer  to  the  public,  at  their  new  Steam  Factory,  the 

and  BEST  STOCK  OF  GOODS  to  be  found  in  this  part  of  the 

State,  consisting  of  a  General  Stock  of  FUBNITUBE, 

to  be  sold  at  wholesale  or  retail. 

TTJBNING  AND  WOBK  DONE    TO   OBDEB. 

COFMS  AM)  A  HEABSE  ALWAYS  tt  REABDfESS. 

STOWELL    &    CO. 

Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealers  in 


-A.3STID    •V-A-LISES, 

Plastering  Hair,  Seats-Foot,  Tanners',  Sperm, 
and  Linseed  Oils,  and  Turpentine. 


MANUFICTCREES  OP 


HARNESSES,  SADDLES.  BRIDLES  AND  HALTERS. 

Work  made  to  order  with  neatness  and  despatch.     Also,  Trim- 
ming Carriages.     Repairing  done  at  the  shortest  notice. 

American  House,  No.  2,  North  Side  Public  Square, 

PRINCETON,     .  -       -       -       ILLINOIS. 


J.    STOTVELL. 
JUSTUS    STEVENS. 


L.    H. 
J.   M. 


JOSIAH   BOBBINS.         JOSIAH   BOBBINS,   JR.        THOMAS   LAWSON. 


ROBBINS,  LAWSON  &  CO. 


Near  the  Depot  of  the  C,,  B.  &  Q,  Rail  Road, 


IK  i  iisr  r>  s 

Constantly  on  hand  and  for  sale 


CUSTOM  WORK  DONE 


ALL  WORK  WARRANTED. 

The  highest  Market  Price  paid  for  GRAIN. 


BUSINESS    DIRECTORY. 


79    1 


A.  L.  DAVIS, 


PRINCETON,  ILL. 

• 

HAVING  a  Steam  Engine  and  suitable  Machinery,  I  am  now 
prepared  to  do  all  kinds  of  work  in  my  line,  such  as 

MATCHING   AND   DRESSING   FLOORING; 

§pHflh]cj  &  jDiressfycj  §idtycj; 

MAKING  WINDOW  &  DOOR  FRAMES; 


And  all  kinds  of 

CARPENTER  AND  JOINER  WORK,  ftc, 


Lumber  Furnished  for  Building. 


All  Work  warranted  to  give  satisfaction. 


J.  W.  NEIGHBOUR, 


MANUFACTURER   OF 


VINEOAR,    CIDER    AND    APPLES 

At  wholesale  and  retail.     Orders  from  abroad  promptly  attended 
to.     Factory  near  the  Depot,  Princeton,  Illinois. 


sHz 


— =68! 


80 


BUSINESS   DIEECTORY. 


CHARLES    N.    PINE, 

PUBLISHER    OF    THE 

mm  Cmmfj  Senwcrat, 


AND   GENERAL 


BOOK 


JOB  FHIITER, 

.,    ILLI3STOIS. 


His  Office  is  furnished  with  a  great  variety  of  the  best  selection* 
of  Type  of  the  latest  styles,  with  excellent  Presses,  and  everything 
necessary  to  a  complete  Printing  Establishment.  Every  particle 
of  the  material  in  this  Office  is  NEW,  and  the  men  employed  here 
are  among  the  very  best  workmen  in  the  West.  It  is,  in  short, 
one  of  the  best  furnished  Printing  Offices  any  where  in  the  inte- 
rior of  the  State. 

BOOKS,  PAMPHLETS,  POSTERS, 

AND     ALL     KINDS     OF 

Show-Bills,  Programmes,  Ball  Tickets,  Circulars,  Cards,  Blanks  of  all  Kinds, 

AND     ETERY     SPECIES     OF 


Promptly  and  tastefully  executed  at  reasonable  rates. 


0^~  There  is  no  Office  in  this  county,  or  in  any  county  adjoin- 
ing it,  that  can  compete  with  this,  either  in  the  excellence  of  its 
work  or  the  extent  of  its  newspaper  circulation.  All  orders  sent 
by  mail,  or  otherwise,  promptly  attended  to. 

CHARLES  N.  PINE,  Proprietor  and  Editor. 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY. 


81 


WetMy  JYetctpapcr, 

PUBLISHED    EVERY    THURSDAY, 

BY   CHARLES   FAXON, 


tt^"  Advertisers  will  find  this  the  BEST  medium  through  which 
to  make  known  their  business  to  the  people  of  Bureau  county. 


JOB  PRINTING. 


CARDS, 
Circulars, 

TICKETS, 
LABELS, 


The  Office  of  the  Princeton  Post  is  well  supplied  with 


A  large  portion  of  which  has  been  lately  purchased,  and  is,  for 
all  practical  purposes,  as  good  as  new.  We  have,  also,  two 
Washington  Hand-Presses  and  a  Yankee  Machine  Card  Press, 
(Oilman's  patent,)  which  will  print  Cards,  Circulars,  Tickets, 
Labels,  etc.,  at  the  rate  of  One  Thousand  per  Hour. 

With  these  facilities,  together  with  the  best  of  workmen,  and 
twenty  years  experience  in  the  business,  we  are  able  to  furnish  our 
customers  with  work  that  cannot  be  surpassed  in  Bureau  county, 
and  at  the  most  reasonable  prices. 


In  connection  with  our  Office  we  have  a  Book-Bindery  for 
the  execution  of  plain  Binding. 

CHARLES  FAXON,  Proprietor. 


82 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


STIREET., 
Princeton,  III. 

The  Best  and  Cheapest  House  in  Town! 


Having  recently  enlarged  my  Barn,  I  am  now  prepared  to 
furnish  the  best  Stable  accommodations  also. 

WILLIAM  L.  DAYTON,  Proprietor. 


MRS. 


BONNETS  AND  HATS  of  the  LATEST  STYLE 
Made  to  order.     STRAW  AND  LEGHORN  BONNETS 
bleached  and  done  up,  without  a  trip  to  Chicago. 


And  French  and  Silk  Embroidery.  The  latest  Eastern  styles  re- 
ceived monthly.  All  Work  warranted  to  give  satisfaction,  and 
Produce  received  in  payment.  Rooms  on  Main,  near  Peru  St. 

WILLIAM  HARRIS, 

MACHINE 


STREET, 
PRINCETON,  ILL. 

Boston  Crackers,  Soda  Crackers,  Butter 

Crackers,  &c.   Also,  Bread,  Cakes  and 

Pies,  furnished  at  short  notice. 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


83 


FRUIT  AND  ORNAMENTAL 


AT   THE 

PERSIMMON  GROVE  NURSERY, 

TWO  MILES  SOUTH  OF  PKINOETON. 


The  subscriber  offers  for  sale 


OO,OOO 

From  2  to  5  years  old,  and  of  sizes  to  suit  all  customers..  The 
quality  of  the  trees  and  selection  of  varieties  are  not  inferior  to 
those  of  any  other  Nursery  in  this  part  of  the  country.  Also, 
PEAR,  PEACH,  PLUM  and  CHERRY  Trees,  and  all  the 
smaller  fruits  in  great  variety.  A  large  assortment  of  EVER- 
GREENS and  other  ORNAMENTAL  TREES. 

Shrubs,  Climbers,  Roses,  Paeonies,  Phloxes,  Tulips,  and 
other  plants  usually  kept  in  the  best  Nurseries.  TERMS  CASH. 
For  further  particulars,  see  the  Catalogue  of  the  Nursery,  which 
will  be  furnished  gratis  to  all  applicants. 

ARTHUR  BRYANT. 

"LAMOILLE  NURSERY. 

The  subscriber  has  for  sale  at  his  Nursery,  75,000 
i  Apple  Trees,  of  suitable  size  for  orchard  planting, 
selected  with  particular  reference  to  their  adaptedness 
to  this  soil  and  climate—  hardy,  early,  abundant  bear- 
ers ;  free  from  lice,  which  I  consider  twenty  per  cent. 
better  than  lousy  trees  furnished  gratis.  A  supply  of  Cherry, 
Pear  and  Plum  Trees  for  the  retail  trade.*  Choice  GRAPE 
VINES,  CURRANTS,  GOOSEBERRIES,  BARBERRIES,  RASPBER- 
RIES, STRAWBERRIES,  RHUBARB  and  ASPARAGUS  ROOTS. 

Evergreen  Trees.  —  The  stock  comprises  several  thous- 
and Trees  of  White  Scotch,  and  Austrian  Pine,  Balsam,  Fir, 
Norway  and  Black  Spruce,  Red  Cedar,  Hemlock  and  Arbor 
Vitae,  from  six  inches  to  six  feet  in  height. 

Mountain  Ash,  Silver  Maple,  Silver  Abele,  Butternut,  Chest- 
nut, Black  Walnut,  Golden  Willow,  Larch,  Magnolias,  and 
other  shade  trees.  A  large  collection  of  Roses,  Honeysuckles, 
Pseonies,  Phloxes,  Lillies,  Veronicas,  Youccas,  etc. 

Sweet  Potato  Sprouts  ;  Osage  Orange,  and  Buckthorn  seed, 
and  Plants  for  hedging.  All  orders  from  a  distance  carefully 
packed  at  cost  of  materials  used,  and  delivered  at  the  railroad 
station  free  of  charge.  Also,  seed  of  the  Chinese  Sugar 
Cane  for  gratuitous  distribution  to  our  cash  customers. 

SAMUEL    EDWARDS. 
LAMOILI-E.  Bureau  cornty,  111.,  April  1,  1857. 


84 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


IS  PUBLISHED  EVERY  FRIDAY  BY 


AT    TISKIIiWA,    BUREAU    COUNTY,    ILLINOIS. 

Terms,  $2.00  per  annum,  invariably  in  advance. 

RATES   OF   ADVERTISING  I 

One  column  one  year  ...............................  $40.00 

Half        "       "       "    ..............................    25.00 

Quarter  "      "      "    ...............................    15.00 

One  square,  twelve  lines  or  less,  one  week  ............     1.00 

Each  subsequent  insertion  ...........................        37 


We  have  a  well  selected  assortment  of  Jobbing  Materials,  and 
will  be  able  to  execute  every  variety  of 


In  a  workmanlike  manner,  and  with  neatness  and  dispatch. 
Orders  for  Job  Work  by  Mail  done  with  great  Care  aad  Dispatch. 


NEW 


P1IMW 
lAlluliiii 


J..T.    DAGLISH, 

1  ID  iSAIim  PMITEI, 

PAPER-HANGER  AND  DECORATOR, 
Tiskilwa,  Bureau  County,  Illinois. 


PAINTING   IN    WHITE,   ZINC 
China  Gloss  or  Porcelain  Enamel,  Fresco,  Calsomine,  &c. 

ORMMENTAl  PAPER-HMGIM  IN  All  ITS  BRMCHES. 
SHOP    ON    MAIN    STREET. 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY.  85 


SHEFFIELD  COAL! 

FOB  SALE  AT  THE  COAL  MINES  OF  THE 

SHEFFIELD 


ining  attfr  Cransprtaitei 


COMPANY, 

(LOCATED    ON    TH»    CHICAGO    AND    ROCK    ISLAND    BAIL    ROAD,) 

ONE  QUARTER  OF  A  MILE  WEST  OF  SHEFFIELD. 


The  unprecedented  sale  of  Coal  at  our  Bank  during  the  past 
winter,  reaching  at  times  as  high  as  one  hundred  tons  per  day, 
proves  conclusively  that  the  citizens  of  Bureau  county  are,  in  a 
measure,  realizing  the  fact  that  Coal  is  indisputably  the 

CHEAPEST  &  BEST  FUEL  IN  USE. 

The  following  table  has  been  prepared  from  estimates  made 
and  carefully  proved  by  the  managers  of  different  railroads  in 
this  vicinity,  viz.,  that  1  ton  of  Coal  is  equivalent  to  2  and  6-10ths 
cords  of  Wood ;  estimating  the  Coal  at  $2,00  per  ton,  and  Wood 
at  $3,00  per  cord,  we  find  : 

1  ton  of  Coal,  at  $2.00,  equal  to  2  6-10  cords  of  Wood,  at  $3,00— $7.80 
1    «         "       "     3.00,       "       2  6-10       T          "  "         7.80 

1    "         "       "     4.00,       "       2  6-10       "  "  "         7.80 

1    "         "       "     5.00,       "       2  6-10       "  "  t%         7.80 

An  examination  of  this  table  will  show  at  a  glance  the  im- 
mense saving  gained  by  the  use  of  Coal. 

We  propose  erecting,  during  the  coming  season,  a  Mammoth 
Building,  capable  of  holding 

Several  Thousand  Tons  of  Coal! 

For  the  purpose  of  protecting  our  Coal  from  the  effects  of  the 
atmosphere.  A  large  amount  of  Coal  will  always  be  kept  on 
hand ;  our  customers  can  therefore  rely  upon  always  finding  a 
permanent  supply. 

COKE!    COKE!! 

Coke  is  an  article  prepared  from  Coal,  in  much  the  same  man- 
ner as  Charcoal  is  from  wood ;  the  sulphur  gases  and  other  im- 
purities are  driven  off  by  the  action  of  heat — the  pure  carbon  is 
left ;  it  (the  Coke)  burns  in  much  the  same  manner  as  anthra- 


86  BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


cite  coal,  gives  an  intense  heat,  with  but  little  flame  and  smoke. 
On  account  of  its  extreme  cleanliness  and  the  other  peculiar  pro- 
perties mentioned,  it  is  especially  adapted  for  the  use  of  families 
(in  their  parlor  stoves,  for  cooking,  &c.)  blacksmiths  and  manufac- 
turing purposes.  It  is  sold  at  the  low  price  of 

14  Cents  per  Bushel! 

And  at  that  figure  is  quite  as  cheap  as  Coal,  taking  as  it  does  two 
bushels  of  Coal  to  make  one  of  Coke. 

Among  the  many  advantages  arising  to  purchasers  from  the 
use  of  Coal  and  Coke,  the  following  may  be  enumerated  : 

1st.     The  Coal  and  Coke  is  weighed,  not  measured. 
2nd.    They  are  carefully  screened. 

3rd.     Coal  of  the  same  quality  is  sold  by  us  from  one  to  three 
cents  per  bushel  cheaper  than  by  any  other  Company. 

A  LARGE   SUPPLY  ALWAYS  ON  HAND. 
Orders  Solicited.  H.    C.  PORTER,  AGENT. 


D^"  The  following  should  have  appeared  in  the  history  of 
the  County,  but  the  advertisement  came  too  late,  and  we  are 
compelled  to  insert  it  here. 


We  would  call  the  attention  of  our  readers  to  the  Ad- 
vertisement of  this  enterprising  Company,  as  given  above. 
It  was  organized  about  four  years  ago,  and  is  composed  of 
some  of  the  most  prominent  and  energetic  men  of  this 
State  and  Iowa.  The  works  are  carried  on  on  the  most 
extensive  scale  and  in  the  most  systematic  manner.  When 
the  demand  warrants  it,  this  Company  can  raise  200  tons  of 
coal  per  day ;  at  present  there  are  employed  about  40  men, 
and  the  mining  progresses  at  the  rate  of  80  to  100  tons 
daily.  Every  Company  organized  and  carried  on  for  the 
purpose  of  furnishing  cheap  arid  good  fuel,  deserves  well 
of  our  citizens.  We  commend  this  Company  to  those  who 
use  coal  for  fuel,  (and  the  number  is  and  must  be  increas- 
ing every  year, )  as  one  every  way  worthy  of  their  con- 
fidence and  support. 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


87 


1857. 


1857. 


IT  is  acknowledged  by  all  who  have  traveled  over  this  Road,  to 
be  one  of  the  best  in  the  country,  passing  through  the  finest 
portion  of  Illinois,  and  the  flourishing  Towns  of 

Aurora,  Mendota,  PRINCETON,  Kewanee, 
Galva  and  Galesburg. 


PASSENGKER    TRAINS 
LEAVE   THE  *  CENTRAL  DEPOT, 

Foot  of  South  Water  Street,  Chicago, 

EVERY  MORNING  AND  EVENING,  ( Sunday  Mornings 
excepted,)  connecting  at  Mendota  with  Illinois  Central  R.  R., 
North  and  South ;  at  Galesburg,  with  Northern  Cross  R.  R:  for 
Quincy ;  and  at  Burlington,  with  Burlington  and  Missouri  River 
Rail  Road. 

TRAINS    ALSO    LEAVE 
BURLINGTON  FOR  CHICAGO 

EVERY  MORNING  AND  EVENING, 

(Sunday  Mornings  Excepted.) 

Tickets  can  be  procured  at  the  Depot,  and  at  the  Michigan 
Central  R.  R.  Office,  corner  of  Lake  and  Dearborn  Streets. 

C.  G.  HAMMOND,  Sup't. 
SAMUEL  POWELL,  General  Ticket  Agent. 


88  BUSINESS  DIRECTORY. 

NEW    TREATMENT. 

"WHY    WILL    YE    DIE!" 

WELLS'  PECTORAL  SYRUP, 

FOR 

COUGHS,  COLDS  AND  CONSUMPTION, 

OR 

ANY    DISEASE    OF    THE    LUNGS, 

IS  THE  MOST  PERFECT 

CHEMICAL  COMBINATION  OF  ACTIVE  AGENTS, 

la  a  safe  form,  ever  known.  The  astonishing  cures  it  effects 
renders  it  a  duty  to  make  its  merits  known.  Thousands  have 
been  restored  to  ROBUST  HEALTH  after  the  old  system  had  been 
tried  till  on  the  brink  of  the  grave.  Try  it. 

Price,  $1  per  Bottle,  or  $5  per  Half  Dozen. 


TO    STOCK    OWNERS. 

If  you  wiih  to  have  healthy,  vigorous,  fat  and  smooth  animals, 
use 

Wells'  German  Condition  Powder, 

Which  prevents  and  cures  diseases  of 

HORSES,   CATTLE,  MULES  AND  SHEEP, 

The  recipe  was  procured  from  a  celebrated 
GERMAN    VETERINARY    SURGEON, 

Who  used  it  in  his  private  practice  for  more  than  forty  years  suc- 
cessfully.    See  Wells'  Almanac  each  successive  year, 
in  the  hands  of  Agents,  Free. 

Price  25c.,  50c.,  and  $1  per  Package. 

E.  M.  WELLS,  PROPRIETOR,  CHICAGO. 

The  above  Medicines  are  Sold  by  Dealers  in  Medicines  in  all 
Cities  and  Towns  in  the  West. 


-=6*0 

BUSINESS   DIRECTORY.  89 


CHICAGO  MAGAZINE. 

Witti  w  it  is. 


THIS   MAGAZINE    WILL,  BE 


fifyic^go,  dtfesfeh) 


MONTHLY.    IN  SIZE,  LARGE  OCTAVO. 

Containing  at  least  One  Hundred  Pages  of  Matter. 

In  Double  and  Single  Columns.  Each  number  will  be  copiously 
ILLUSTRATED,  and  will  contain  at  least  32  pages  devoted  to 
AN  ILLUSTRATED  HISTORY  OP  CHICAGO,  WITH  PORTRAITS  AND 
BIOGRAPHIES  OP  HER  BUILDERS  AND  PRESENT  PROMINENT  CIT- 
IZENS —  the  men  whose  united  energy  has,  in  a  period  of  twenty 
years,  changed  tfie  Rude  Fort  beyond  the  verge  of  civilization,  to  a 
Mighty  City,  metropolis  of  an  empire  vast  in  extent,  boundless 
in  resources.  Each  number  will  contain  also,  A  HISTORY,  ac- 
companied by  a  beautifully  engraved,  full  page  view  of  some  other 
Prominent  Western  City,  with  Notices  of  its  Prominent  Men. 

A  large  proportion  of  its  pages  will  be  devoted  to  general 
Literary  matter  of  the  choicest  character,  original,  by  our  best 
writers. 

0^"  CONTRIBUTIONS  from  Writers  of  acknowledged 
ability  are  solicited  ;  if  used,  they  will  be  liberally  paid  for. 

A  Monthly  Record  of  Current  Western  Events,  with  a  Synopsis 
of  Commercial  Intelligence,  will  accompany  each  number;  No- 
tices of  New  Publications,  with  a  List  of  those  forwarding  copies 
of  Works  to  the  Institute  for  its  Library,  etc.,  etc. 

The  publishers  aim  to  connect  with  the  above  a  Mechanical 
and  Scientific  Department,  which  shall  embrace  all  the  varied 
information  on  subjects  properly  under  those  heads  constantly 
occurring,  condensed,  and  placed  in  attractive  popular  form. 

Its  day  of  publication  will  be  the  15th  of  each  month,  thus 
being  intermediate  of  all  the  other  Monthlies. 

OF-  It  will  contain  an  ADVERTISING  SUPPLEMENT, 
to  the  pages  of  which  we  invite  the  attention  of  dealers  of  all 
classes  wishing  to  circulate  notices  of  their  business  throughout 
the  West. 

Terms.  —  $3.00  per  year  in  advance.  It  may  be  obtained  of 
Booksellers  and  Periodical  Dealers,  or  from  the  Publishers.  The 
Postage  to  any  distance  will  not  exceed  6  cents  per  quarter. 

Address  "  Chicago  Magazine,"  148  Lake  Street,  Chicago,  111. 
JOHN  GAGER  &  CO., 

Publishing  Agents  for  Chicago  Mechanics1  Institute. 

ISAAC  B.  S7HTH,  Publisher,  Princeton,  is  authorized  to 
procure  subscriptions,  and  act  as  Agent  for  the  Chicago  Magazine. 


BUSINESS    DIRECTORY. 


CHARLES    SCOTT, 


STERZ2O 


AND    BINDER, 


HILLIARD'S    BLOCK, 

Corner  of  Clark  and  South  Water  Streets, 

CHICAaO,     .......    ILLINOIS. 


mm,  m  &  mm 

In  the  first  style  of  the  Typographic  Art,  from  an  Address  Card 

of  a  single  line,  to  a  volume  of  the  largest  size,  and  on 

as  reasonable  terms  as  any  first  class  printing 

establishment  in  the  West. 

BOOK    BINDING    AND    RULING. 

PERIODICALS  of  any  publication  bound  in  the  most  fancy  or 
substantial  styles,  in  Calf,  Extra,  Gilt,  Morocco,  or 

in  the  Splendid  Antique  Style. 
BLANK  BOOKS  RULED  AND  BOUND  TO  ANY  PATTERN. 


CHUBS' 


NO.  103i  RANDOLPH  STREET,  CHICAGO. 


Employing  none  but  the  First  Artists,  we  are  prepared 
to  Execute  in  a  Style  unsurpassed,  all 


cm  &  m  MI  mm  &  PRIITII, 


SE-A.J1,    -A.1STJD    STE3STOIL    CTJTTI3STGJ-., 
STEEL  PUNCHES,   DOOR  PLATES,   Etc. 


P.   O.    BOX    83- 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


91 


VOL.    VI. 

HEW  AND  IMPROVED  VOLUME,  JAN.  1857. 


JAMES    CHALLEN,    ZSditor. 


ASSISTED   BY  THE    BEST  WRITERS. 

EACH   NUMBER   WILL   CONTAIN   A 

NPtpj    STiEL    ENGRAVING. 


One  Copy,  one  Tear,  $1 ;  six  Copies,  $5 ;  twenty-one  Copies, 

$15.     Any  one  can  act  as  Agent  on  these  terms.    Heavy 

discount  to  Local  and  Traveling  Agents. 

BOOKS  PUBLISHED  AND  SENT,  POST-PAID,  FROM  THIS  OFFICE. 

CHRISTIAN  EVIDENCES.  By  JAMES  CHALLEN.  The 
design  of  this  book  may  be  seen  from  the  table  of  contents  : 
I.  Introductory  Chapter.  II.  Miracles — Their  Necessity  and 
Design.  III.  Introduction  of  Christianity — A  Demonstration 
for  its  Truth.  IV.  Eeasons  assigned  by  Infidels  for  its  Prop- 
agation. V.  The  Church  a  witness  for  the  Truth  of  Christ- 
ianity. VI.  Spiritual  Gifts  Demonstrated  by  the  Early  and 
Rapid  Spread  of  Christianity. 

"THE  GOSPEL  AND  ITS  ELEMENTS."  By  JAMBS 
CHALLEN.  This  work  is  designed  to  show  the  Origin  and 
Reasons  of  the  Reformation  as  plead  by  the  Disciples,  and  to 
develop  the  Elements  of  the  Gospel.  Printed  on  the  finest 
paper,  208  pages.  Price  of  each  of  the  above  works,  post- 
paid— muslin,  37£  cents  per  copy,  or  three  copies,  $1.  Paper, 
25  cents  per  copy,  or  five  copies,  $1.  Remit  post-office  stamps. 

"  UNION  OF  CHRISTIANS  "  and  DEATH  OF  CHRIST. 
By  WALTER  SCOTT.  Paper,  30  cents ;  muslin,  40  cents,  post- 
paid. 

J.  CHALLEN  &  SONS,  Publishers, 

PHILADELPHIA,    PA, 


92 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


FOR    BOYS    AND    GIRLS  I 

GRACE  GREENWOOD'S 


WILL  BEGIN  A  NEW  VOLUME  WITH  JAN.  1857, 
When  the  form  will  be  changed  to  sixteen  large  octavo  pages. 

"  No  household  in  the  land  that  God  has  blessed  with  children, 
ought  to  be  without  the  LITTLE  PILGRIM." 

THE  TIME  TO  SUBSCRIBE  IS  NOW. 


Single  copies,  for  one  year  ................  ........        50 

Five  copies  for  ..................................   $2.00 

Fourteen  copies,  and  one  to  getter-up  of  club,  for  ----     5.00 

Twenty-four  copies,  and  one  to  getter-up  of  club,  for     8.00 
Fifty  copies  for  ................................    15.00 

•Mltcaj/*  Payable  in  *£<ti-attce, 

Q^~  Specimen  copies  will  be  sent,  free  of  charge,  to  all  who 
may  request  them.  Address,  post-paid, 

LEANDER  K.  LIPPENOOTT, 
66  South  Third  street,  Philadelphia. 

FORRESTER'S 

Boys'  and  Girls'  Magazine 

IFOIR    1857- 

This  Magazine  is  no  trashy  and  irresponsible  catch-penny  to 
get  away  the  children's  money,  but  is  a  beautiful,  pure,  instruc- 
tive and  well  established  Monthly  for  the  Young  and  the  fire-side. 
It  is,  in  fact,  an  institution  of  the  country.  In  January  it  enters 
upon  its  NINETEENTH  VOLUME  and  tenth  year  of  publication. 
Always  popular,  it  is  now  recognized  as  the 

STANDARD    JUVENILE    MONTHLY. 
Suffice  it  to  say,  it  will  preserve  the  same  general  character  as 
heretofore,  with  persistent  .effort  to  make  each  department  still 
more  perfect. 

Term*,  $1  per  \'car  in  Advance. 

To  CLUBS.  —  For  $3  at  one  time,  we  will  send  the  Magazine  to 
four  subscribers.  For  $7  at  one  time,  we  will  send  the  Magazine 
to  ten  subscribers.  For  $10  at  one  time,  we  will  send  the  Mag- 
azine to  fifteen  subscribers.  For  $15  at  one  time,  we  will  send 
the  Magazine  to  twenty-four  subscribers. 

BINNEY    &    RAND, 
36  Washington  Street,  Boston. 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


93 


PROSPECTUS  OP 


A   FAMILY   NEWSPAPER,      . 

I> e  vot«d  to  Home  Interest*,  Morality,  the  cause  or  Freedom 

and  Temperance,  Education,  Agriculture  ;  Religious 

Domestic  and  Foreign  Intelligence. 


PUBLISHED  WEEKLY  AT  GALVA,  HENRY  COUNTY,  ILL 


To  be    24x36  inches  in  size,  (seven  columns  to  a  page),  and  printed  on 
new  and  handsome  type. 


Its  columns  will  be  open  to  all  political  parties.  The  first  No. 
will  be  issued  about  the  last  of  May  or  the  first  of  June.  Sub- 
scriptions to  be  paid  within  three  months  after  issuing  the  first 
number. 

It  will  be  the  aim  of  the  proprietors  to  furnish  a  good,  reliable 
Family  Newspaper,  which  will  exert  a  healthy  influence  in  favor 
of  high-toned  morality  and,  general  reform,  and  be  a  welcome 
visitor  at  every  fire-side  circle. 


Connected  with  the  above  newspaper,  there  will  be  provided  a 
new  and  complete 


Enabling  us  to  fill  all  orders  in  this  line  to  the  satisfaction  of 
customers.  The  type  and  materials  will  be  entirely  new,  and  of 
the  latest  styles. 

Orders  for  BOOK  and  JOB  WORK  by  mail,  attended  to  with 
great  care  and  dispatch. 

I.  B.  SMITH  &  CO, 
GALVA,  Henry  Co.,  III.,  April  10th,  1857. 


ENGRAVINGS,   ETC. 


OUR     ENGRAVINGS,    ETC. 


We  are  somewhat  disappointed  in  our  View  of  Princeton,  as 
it  hardly  does  justice  to  the  town,  inasmuch  as  the  point  from 
which  the  Daguerreotype  copy  was  taken  was  distant.  We  could 
find  no  better  point  from  which  to  take  it,  and,  consequently,  have 
done  the  best  we  could.  We  think,  however,  that  it  compares 
well  with  similar  views  of  other  places. 

The  engravings  of  the  American  House  and  Court  House,  will, 
we  think,  speak  for  themselves. 

We  trust  that  the  reader  will  not  fail  to  notice  our  Advertising 
pages,  and  we  take  pleasure  in  recommending  the  Business  Men 
who  advertise  as  being  the  men  of  enterprise,  and  the  life  of  our 
community.  To  these,  and  to  Messrs.  Pine  and  Faxon  of  the 
"  Democrat "  and  "  Post/'  as  well  as  to  our  "  knowing  friends," 
among  the  "  old  settlers,"  we  would  return  our  thanks  for  many 
favors  heartily  granted. 

The  difficulties  in  the  way  of  getting  up  a  reliable  work  of 
this  kind,  particularly  the  statistical  portion,  are  hardly  appreci- 
able by  those  who  have  not  been  engaged  in  similar  enterprises, 
and  on  this  account,  we  beg  the  indulgence  of  all  classes  in  this, 
our  first  attempt ;  but  we  accord  with  pleasure  the  meed  of  praise 
to  those  business  firms  and  private  individuals  who  have  cheer- 
fully aided  us  in  the  undertaking.  These  have  shown,  by  this 
act,  not  alone  their  good  will  to  us,  but  their  far-seeing  sagacity  ; 
for  every  well-considered  and  truthful  statement  of  the  business 
and  industry  of  any  place,  scattered  freely  among  the  community, 
must  largely  tell  upon  the  increased  facilities  of  trade,  and  the 
interest  felt  in  developing  its  resources. 

To  any  who  are  disposed  to  find  fault  because  their  names  do 
not  appear  in  their  proper  places,  we  would  say,  we  made  a 
special  published  request,  that  all  whom  we  failed  to  call  upon, 
would  hand  in  their  names  by  a  certain  time,  and  those  who  were 
gentlemanly  enough  to  comply  with  the  request  (in  season)  have 
received  their  reward. 


=68 


CONTENTS  —  INDEX. 


95 


COISTTE^TTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS—  PAGI 

View  of  Princeton,    facing  Title. 

"     American  House 23 

"      Court  House 46 

Early  Settlement  of  Princeton  . .  5-9 

Indian  War 9-20 

Railroads 20-22 

Stores,  Hotel,  etc 22-25 

Grain  Statistics 25, 26 

Lumber  Trade,  Fuel 27 

Table  of  Railroad  Freight  Receipts  28 

Business  Statistics 29 

Names  of  Persons  engaged  in 

Business 30-34 

Churches 35-37 

Schools...  ...38 


PAG* 

Character  of  the  Citizen! 39 

Incorporation,  etc 40 

Meteorological  Tables 41, 42 

Concluding  Remarks 43 

Table  of  Distances 44 

SKETCH  OF  BUREAU  COUNTY  .  .45-49 
Report  of  School  Commissioner 

of  the  County,  for  1855-6 ...  .60 

Census  of  County,  for  1855 61 

Amount  of  Taxes  for  1856. . .  .52, 53 
Names  of  Post  Offices  in  County  53 
Notice  of  the  Sheffield  Mining 

and  Transportation  Co 86 

BUSINESS  DIRECTORY 65-94 


INDEX  TO  ADVERTISERS. 


PKINCETON  . 

NAMES.  BUSINESS. 

ANTHONY,  W.  C.,  M.D  ......  Homoeopathist 


BODLEY  &  WILSON  ..........  Druggists  &  Apothecaries 

Dentist 


PAGE 
69 

...  61 
BBAINARD,  D  ...............  Dentist  ...................................  71 

BRYANT,  ARTHUR  ...........  Persimmon  Grove  Nursery  ................  83 

CARSE,  WILLIAM  ............  Dry  Goods,  &c  ...........................  56 

CHAMBERLAIN,  WM.  0.,  M.D.  Physician  and  Burgeon  ...................  69 

CHAPMAN,  A.  S.  &  E.  C  .....  Stoves,  Iron,  &c  .........................  63 

COLLBTT  &  JONIS  ...........  Princeton  Market  ........................  70 

DAVIS,  A.  L  ................  Sash,  Doors  and  Blinds  ...................  79 

DAYTON,  WM.  L  ............  Proprietor  Monroe  House  .................  82 

DBRNHAM  &  ROSENSTRAUS  .  .  .Eagle  Clothing  Store  ......................  65 

EVERETT,  H.  J.  &  Co  .......  Dry  Goods,  &c  ...........................  57 

FAOIRCRANTZ,  P  ............  Swede  Jewelry  Store  and  Watch  Shop  ......  70 

FAXON,  CHAS  ...............  Printer,  and  Publisher  "  Princeton  Post  ".  .  81 

FERRIS,  P.  W.  &  F.  B  .......  Dentists  .................................  71 

FETROW,  J.  &  Co  ...........  Lumber,  Lath,  &c  .......................  70 

FOSTER,  R.  B  ...............  Bookseller  and  Stationer  .............  cover    4 

GAMWELL,  J.  W.,  M.D  ......  Physician  .................................  69 

GARDINER,  E.  M  ............  Tobacco  and  Segars  .......................  75 

GRIFFITHS,  A.  E.,  M.D  ......  Physician  and  Surgeon  ..................  69 

GRIMES,  J.  M  ...............  Attorney  ................................  67 

HALE,  MRS.  JANI  F  .........  Millinery,  &c  ............................  69 

HARRIS,  WILLIAM  ...........  Machine  Baker  ..........................  82 

HARWOOD.  J.  W.  &  Co.  ______  Boots  and  Shoes  .........................  62 

HATCH,  G«o.  W  .............  Excelsior  Tannery  ........................  79 

HINSDALE,  S.  D  .............  Gunsmith  .....................  .........  ..76 

HULBURD,  SHARP  &  Co  ......  Bankers  .  .  ,  ..............  V  ----  60 


•&' 


96  DsDEX  TO   ADVERTISERS. 


PABBOCK  ft  SBAXAV  .flt Hardware,  te. 


ftr 

Purj    < "  EA  I    V 

PKBXUT  ft  CAKHXHE  . . .  .Lumbar,  Lath,  ft*. 

BAVSOX  BSOTKDES Dry  Goods,  fte. o» 

BXAU,J.  ftSov Dry  Goods,  fte. 56 

Bonois.  LAWSOX  ft  Co....  Princeton  City  liais 78 

SAUBBCET.D.G Dry  Goods,  fte 57 

8nrn.I  B Geaexal  PaMbber of  Books, Maps,  fte 73 

8TAru>DGft  gwra ....Improred  Wire  Fence 74 

ftMoCoxnos Dry  Goods,  fte.   55 

Furniture: 76 

Saddlery,  Hardware,  fte. 77 

Drapers  and  Tailor* w8 

Carpenter  and  Drafts****.  .     73 

8.........  Attorney  at  Law 78 

fte.. 


Fou^BzMKAVft  Co.....  Baltinwre  Clotfainc  House 65 

LAMOILLE. 


TI8KILWA. 
J-T. Painter  mm*  Paper  Hangar . ..... .  .^ 84 


t  Hheflald  XbdK aad  Trans.  Co. . .  .86, 86 


GALVA. 
Proprietors  of  the  »•  Galra  W 


Pectoral  Sjmp,  t€. 
PHILADELPHIA. 


B08TOM. 
Bomrft  BA» rrtflJuiiiTiiinilii'iiriiji'l  niili'Mu 


